Medieval urine wheel and the four humours
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Medieval urine wheel and the four humours
Medieval urine wheel and the four humours. Labelled in Latin, this 15th century diagram is designed to be coloured to show possible colours of urine (flasks on outer edge of circle) to help doctors diagnose urine-related diseases. The four corner circles indicate the four humours (black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood). The inner circles indicate the different stages of percolation of the urine. Artwork from Fasciculus Medicinae, a collection of medieval medical manuscripts, published in Europe, that date from 1491. For a coloured version, see N060/110
Science Photo Library features Science and Medical images including photos and illustrations
Media ID 6419374
© SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
1491 15th Century Bile Blood Circle Circular Colour Colours Device Diagnostic Diagnostics Diagram Fasciculus Medicinae History Of Medicine Humour Latin Mediaeval Medieval Middle Ages Phlegm Round Tool Urine Urology False Coloured Health Care Humours Mono Chrome
EDITORS COMMENTS
This 15th century print showcases a fascinating medieval urine wheel and the four humours, providing a glimpse into the diagnostic practices of physicians from that era. The diagram, labelled in Latin, was specifically designed to be colored to indicate possible colors of urine for doctors to identify urine-related diseases. Positioned on the outer edge of the circular device are flasks representing different shades that could potentially appear in urine samples. The inner circles of this intricate artwork depict various stages of percolation, highlighting the importance placed on understanding the composition and characteristics of urine during medical examinations. In each corner circle, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood represent the four humours believed to influence an individual's health according to ancient Greek medicine. Originally published as part of Fasciculus Medicinae - a collection of medieval medical manuscripts dating back to 1491 - this historical illustration offers insight into early healthcare practices. While it may seem peculiar by modern standards, this unique tool served as an essential diagnostic aid during its time. This piece not only sheds light on medical history but also serves as a reminder of how far we have come in our understanding and approach towards healthcare diagnostics today.
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