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John Balliol surrenders the Kingdom of Scotland
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John Balliol surrenders the Kingdom of Scotland
John Balliol surrenders the Kingdom of Scotland to King Edward I (1239-1307).
1296
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Media ID 23035020
© Mary Evans Picture Library/Tom Gillmor
1296 13th Balliol Feudal Hammer Invaded Invasion Kneel Kneeling Kneels Longshanks Scots Surrenders Overload
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In this evocative image from the late 13th century, John Balliol, the King of Scotland, is seen kneeling before King Edward I of England, also known as "Longshanks," in an act of surrender. The year is 1296, and Edward's invasion of Scotland has reached its climax. The scene takes place in the castle of Aberdeen, where Balliol, wearing a simple tunic and a crown adorned with a cross, submits to the overpowering might of the English monarch. Edward, depicted with a stern expression and holding a hammer, symbolizing his authority as a feudal overlord, looks down upon Balliol, who clutches a rolled parchment in his hands, likely containing the terms of his surrender. This moment marked the end of Scotland's independence under the reign of John Balliol, who had been crowned King in 1292. Edward's invasion was a response to Balliol's refusal to pay homage to the English king and recognize his suzerainty. The invasion led to a prolonged period of English rule in Scotland, known as the English occupation or the English Interregnum, which lasted until 1306. The image serves as a poignant reminder of the complex political dynamics of the late medieval period, where feudal relationships, power struggles, and the assertion of royal authority often intersected in dramatic ways.
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