Descartes idea of the hydraulic action of the nerves, 1692
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Descartes idea of the hydraulic action of the nerves, 1692
Descartes idea of the hydraulic action of the nerves, 1692. French philosopher Rene Descartes (1596-1650) believed nerves were hollow, provided with valves, and supplied with fluid to cause the muscles to operate. They are here operating the muscles of the eye, (P and q). From Descartes Opera Philiosophica. (Frankfurt am Main, 1692)
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Media ID 14866020
© Oxford Science Archive / Heritage-Images
Anatomy Descartes Diagram Eyes Hydraulic Hydraulics Muscle Optics Oxford Science Archive Rene Rene Descartes Sight Vision Nerve Optic Nerve
EDITORS COMMENTS
This print showcases Rene Descartes' groundbreaking concept of the hydraulic action of nerves, dating back to 1692. As a prominent French philosopher, Descartes (1596-1650) believed that nerves were hollow structures equipped with valves and filled with fluid. According to his theory, this fluid was responsible for activating muscles throughout the body. In this particular image from Descartes' Opera Philiosophica, we witness the application of his idea in relation to the muscles of the eye. The diagram illustrates how these hydraulic nerves operate within the eye's intricate structure (represented by P and q), enabling vision and sight. Printed in black and white, this woodcut captures both the scientific essence and artistic beauty of Descartes' revolutionary concept. It transports us back to the 17th century when such innovative ideas were reshaping our understanding of human anatomy. Preserved by Oxford Science Archive, this print serves as a testament to Descartes' intellectual contributions that continue to shape modern science today. Its monochrome aesthetic adds a touch of elegance while emphasizing its historical significance. As we delve into this thought-provoking image, let us appreciate not only its scientific value but also its ability to inspire curiosity about our own bodies and their complex workings.
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