Red Scare Collection

EMMA GOLDMAN (1869-1940). American anarchist: oil over a photograph taken at the time of her deportation from the United States in 1919

The New Imperialism. American cartoon, 1951, by D. R. Fitzpatrick on the growing empire of Joseph Stalins Soviet Union
RUSSIA: IMPERIALISM, 1951. The New Imperialism. American cartoon, 1951, by D.R. Fitzpatrick on the growing empire of Joseph Stalins Soviet Union

CARTOON: RED SCARE, 1919. Put Them Out and Keep Them Out. A bearded Bolshevik creeping under the American flag. A contemporary American cartoon published during the Red Scare of 1919

CARTOON: RED SCARE, 1919. Put Them Out and Keep Them Out. A bearded Bolshevik creeping under the American flag. American cartoon published during the Red Scare of 1919

CARTOON: MCCARTHYISM, 1954. Getting it out of his system. Cartoon comment on the declining influence of Senator Joseph McCarthy and his anti-Communist crusade within the Republican Party

RED SCARE CARTOON, 1919. Moving Days. American cartoon published during the Red Scare of 1919, suggesting that the newly-established American Legion would help keep U.S

American politician. Senator McCarthy (right) and aide Francis Carr (left) during the Army-McCarthy hearings
JOSEPH MCCARTHY (1908-1957). American politician. Senator McCarthy (right) and aide Francis Carr (left) during the Army-McCarthy hearings

HOLLYWOOD TEN, 1950. Dalton Trumbo and John Howard Lawson, surrounded by supporters, on their way to prison, having been being found in contempt of Congress for refusing to provide information

DIES COMMITTEE, 1938. Earl Martin, a Brooklyn professor, shows members of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), or the Dies Committee

SACCO & VANZETTI, 1927. Riot police guards breaking up a picket line outside of the courthouse in Dedham, Massachusetts, during the trial of Italian anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

SACCO & VANZETTI, 1927. Riot squad guards outside of the courthouse in Dedham, Massachusetts, during the trial of Italian anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. Photograph, 1927

DEPORTATION, 1920. Suspected communists and other radical foreign citizens boarding a steamer to await deportation proceedings at Ellis Island. Photograph, 1920

Senator Joseph R. McCarthy
New York, New York: 1953 Senator Joseph R. McCarthy (left), discusses the State Departments Voice of America program with newsreporters in New York

(1881-1961). American labor leader. FBI mug shot of Foster, then chairman of the U. S
WILLIAM ZEBULON FOSTER (1881-1961). American labor leader. FBI mug shot of Foster, then chairman of the U.S. Communist Party, after his July 1948 indictment under the federal Smith Act of 1940

American Communist Party member and spy. Photographed in 1948 at the time of her appearance before the House
ELIZABETH BENTLEY (1908-1963). American Communist Party member and spy. Photographed in 1948 at the time of her appearance before the House Un-American Activities Committee

You re Sure It ll All Be on the Up-and-Up, Senator? American cartoon by D. R
McCARTHYISM CARTOON, 1951. You re Sure It ll All Be on the Up-and-Up, Senator? American cartoon by D.R. Fitzpatrick, 1951, on the willingness of the Republican party to overlook Senator Joseph R

American politician. Photographed after delivering a speech in the U. S. Senate, 16 March 1955
JOSEPH McCARTHY (1908-1957). American politician. Photographed after delivering a speech in the U.S. Senate, 16 March 1955

Cartoon: McCarthyism, 1952
CARTOON: McCARTHYISM, 1952. You re Sure It ll All Be on the Up-and-Up, Senator? American cartoon by D.R. Fitzpatrick, 1951, on the willingness of the Republican party to overlook Senator Joseph R

RED SCARE CARTOON, 1919. Contemporary American cartoon on the Red Scare of 1919 suggesting that the law was overly lenient with political agitators

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"Unveiling the Red Scare: A Dark Chapter in American History" The "Red Scare, " a term coined during the early 20th century, referred to the widespread fear and paranoia surrounding communism and its perceived threat to American society. This caption takes us on a journey through key moments that shaped this era. In 1919, as tensions rose between political ideologies, an American cartoon depicted a bearded Bolshevik sneaking under the sacred American flag. It symbolized the growing anxiety about communist infiltration within US borders. Fast forward to 1951, when another cartoon by D. R. Fitzpatrick highlighted Joseph Stalin's expanding Soviet empire, emphasizing America's concerns about what seemed like an unstoppable force of communism spreading across the globe. One of the most infamous figures associated with this period was Senator McCarthy. In 1954, during the Army-McCarthy hearings, he faced accusations of seeking special treatment for Private G. David Schine while searching for communists within government institutions. Hollywood also became embroiled in this anti-communist fervor known as McCarthyism. The Hollywood Ten – including Dalton Trumbo and John Howard Lawson – found themselves surrounded by supporters but ultimately blacklisted due to their alleged communist affiliations in 1950. Even before McCarthyism took hold, there were already efforts to root out suspected communists within academia. The Dies Committee in 1938 saw Earl Martin showcasing evidence against supposed subversives at Brooklyn College. However, one of history's most controversial cases related to alleged communist sympathizers was that of Sacco & Vanzetti in 1927. Protests erupted nationwide after Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were convicted amid doubts about their guilt or innocence. Riot police guarded courthouses amidst public outcry over potential injustice. These glimpses into history shed light on how fear can drive societies towards extreme measures when confronted with ideological differences or perceived threats.