Parchment Collection (page 7)

Sacramentary (Incunable Fragment)
Two consecutive bifolios from an incunabula, parchment. Part of a liturgical text, probably a sacramentary but possibly a missal. Date: Late circa 15th Century

Noted Hymnal (Fragment)
Leaf from a hymnal, parchment. Text in a gothic script in two columns interspersed with musical notation in a German gothic hufnagel style on a 4-line stave with C marked. Date: 13th Century

Noted Breviary (Fragment)
Leaf from a noted breviary, parchment. The text is a series of lessons based on the Gospel of John (identified passages include John 7)

Noted Missal (Fragment)
Parchment leaf, probably from a missal, cut to about 1/3 of its original size. The liturgical text on this fragment is from the Second Book of Kings, featuring the widow visiting the prophet Elisha

Paper and Parchment Binding Fragments
Fragments of paper and parchment salvaged from the binding of a book. Two pieces of parchment are from the same document, possibly a letter or deed

Antiphonal (Fragment)
Two vellum leaves from an antiphonal. Possibly two halves of a bifolium. Text contains chants for St Elizabeth of Hungary, St Celia and St Clement. Date: Late circa 13th Century

Fragments of Codex Justinianus and Digesta
Ten strips of parchment manuscripts cut to similar size and shape, probably used to reinforce the spines of later bindings. They all appear to be from Justinian's Codex and Digesta

Epistles of St Augustine
Fragment from the Epistles of St Augustine, parchment. This is a long strip that has been cut from a folio-sized leaf, there is approximately half a column of text plus the edge of another column

Moralia in Job (Fragments)
Two non-consecutive folios from a manuscript copy of St Gregory's Commentary on Job (the Moralia in Job of Pope Gregory the Great). Main body text in two columns with red rubrics

Arator De Actibus Apostolorum (Fragment)
Parchment leaf containing several texts in different hands. Probably originally from a copy of Arator's Acts of the Apostles or De Actibus Apostolorum

St Jerome's Commentary on the Prophet Amos (Fragment)
Half of a leaf from a copy of St Jerome's Commentary on the Prophet Amos (Commentariorum Sancti Hieronymi In Amos Prophetae), parchment

De Libero Arbitrio (Fragments)
Two fragments of leaves from a copy of De Libero Arbitrio (On Free Choice of Will) by St Augustine. Both are from Book 3 although not from the same leaf. Date: circa 9th Century

Epistles of St Jerome (Fragment)
Bifolium from a religious commentary, possibly an edition of the Epistles of St Jerome, or similar, parchment. Main body text in brown in a single column in a Caroline minuscule

Unknown Texts (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unknown work or works, possibly relating to canon law, parchment. Date: 14th - circa 15th Century

Biblical Commentary (Fragments)
Two leaves from a Biblical commentary, parchment. From the same manuscript, possibly two halves of a bifolium, although the text is not consecutive

Justinian Institutiones (Fragment)
Leaf from a copy of Justinian's Institutiones, parchment. Main body text in two columns in black in a protogothic hand with alternating red and blue decorated initials and red

Sacramentary (Fragment)
Leaf from a liturgical text, possibly a sacramentary, parchment. The text contains various prayers and instructions. Text in black in a single column in a Caroline minuscule hand with red capitals

Liturgical Text (Fragment)
Leaf from a liturgical text, either a missal or a breviary, parchment. Text in a single column in dark brown ink in a Caroline minuscule with red capitals and rubrics. Date: circa 11th Century

Psalter (Fragments)
Parts of three bifolia from a psalter, parchment. Text in a single column in a Gothic rotunda script in dark brown ink with alternating red and blue decorated capitals and larger red

Statutes for Elections (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unidentified text, possibly a work such as book of statutes or constitution for a monastic community, on parchment

Decretales Gregorii IX (Fragments)
Fragments of two leaves from the same manuscript, not consecutive, parchment. The text is from the Decretals of Gregory IX or Decretales Gregorii IX, also known as the Liber Extra, Book III

Theological Text (Fragment)
Part of a bifolium, parchment. Fragment of an unknown theological text. Main body text in black in two columns. The bifolium is cut vertically through column A on folio 2

Bible (Fragment)
Leaf from a Bible, parchment. Main body text in a rounded Gothic script in black in two columns. No coloured pigments. Date: circa 14th Century

Ritual (Fragment)
Fragment of a bifolium, probably from a ritual book or Rituale Romanum, parchment. Main body text in black ink in a Caroline minuscule with red capitals and rubrics

Calendar (Fragment)
Leaf of a calendar, possibly from an obit book. The leaf is for the month of November. Date: circa 15th Century

Liber Sextus Decretalium (Fragment)
Leaf from a copy of the Liber Sextus Decretalium or Decretals of Pope Boniface VIII, parchment. Main body text in two columns in a cursive documentary script

Legal Text? (Fragment)
Two fragments from the same manuscript, parchment. Original text unknown. Text is in a cursive documentary script in brown in a single column recto and verso on both fragments

Graecismus (Fragment)
Four double leaves, parchment, believed to be from a copy of Graecismus by Eberhard de Bethune, which was a popular grammatical poem dating from c.1212. Date: 14th Century

Philosophical Text (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unidentified text, parchment. Content seems to be a commentary of philosophical and religious nature. The text on each folio is written in two different but near-contemporary hands

Gregory Homilia in Evangelia (Fragment)
Single leaf of parchment, cut to size for use as a binding cover. The text is from Homilia in Evangelia by Pope Gregory I

Categoriae Decem (Fragment)
Single quarto sized leaf, parchment, with text from the Categoriae Decem, a summary of the categories of Aristotle, originally attributed to St Augustine. Text in a minuscule script in dark brown

Decretales Gregorii IX (Fragment)
Leaf fragment, parchment, from a copy of Decretals of Gregory IX (Decretales Gregorii IX, also known as the Liber Extra). The text on this leaf is from Book III.XVII

Bible Fragments
Three non-consecutive leaves from the same manuscript, possibly a bible. Contains extracts from Zachariah 14 and the Book of Malachi 1-2 (f.1); Matthew 27-28 and the Prologue to Mark (f.2)

Justinian Digesta, Book XXXIII (Fragment)
Double folio, parchment, from Justinian's Digesta. Main body text in black ink written in two columns with contemporary marginal and interlineal gloss

Codex Justinianus, Book VIII (Fragment)
Double folio, parchment, from a copy of Justinian's Codex. Main body text in two columns in black ink surrounded by gloss, also black. Date: Late 13th Century

Psalter (Fragment)
Fragment of a psalter, parchment double leaf, quarto size. Text on f.1r begins at Psalm 46:7 Psallite deo nostro psallite: psallite regi nostro psallite: Quonia(m) rex omnis terre deus

Donatus Liber de Octo Partibus Orationis (Fragments)
Two double leaves (bifolia), parchment, from Liber de Octo Partibus Orationis, part of Donatus Ars Grammatica, specifically Ars Minor

Justinian's Codex, Book V. XIII (Fragment)
Single folio, parchment, from Justinian's Codex. The text on this leaf is from Book V.XIII Dei Uxoriae Actione 1.1.a. Main body text and marginal gloss with additional minute gloss on verso

Missal (Fragment)
Fragment from a Missal, parchment. A double leaf that has been cut in half horizontally so the bottom of each folio is missing. Date: Mid 15th Century

Medical Text (Pietro D'Abano?) (Fragment)
Six folios from a medical text, parchment. The text has yet to be positively identified but has been suggested as Pietro D'Abano's adaptation of the Universal Canons of Johannes Mesue

Justinian's Codex, Book VI. XXXXI (Fragments)
Single folio, parchment, from Justinian's Codex. The text on this folio is from Book VI.XXXXI. Comprised of main body text and a marginal gloss with an additional minute gloss

Justinian's Codex, Book V. XXXVIII (Fragment)
Single folio, parchment, from Justinian's Codex. The text on this folio is from Book VI. XXXVIII De Uerborum Et Rerum Significatione 4.1

Justinian's Codex, Book IIII. XX (Fragment)
Single folio, parchment, from Justinian's Codex. The text on this folio is taken from Book IIII.XX De Testibus 20. Comprised of a main body text and a marginal gloss with additional minute gloss

Breviary (Fragment)
Two leaves, probably from a breviary, parchment. The leaves are from the same work but do not appear to be consecutive. Main body text in two columns in a Gothic textualis rotunda in dark brown ink

Justinian's Codex, Book III. XVIII (Fragment)
Single folio, parchment, from Justinian's Codex. The text on this folio is taken from Book III.XVIII, De Probationis 7. Main body text with a marginal gloss and additional minute gloss

Philosophical Treatise (Fragment)
Half of a leaf, paper. Text in black in three columns in a cursive documentary script. It is heavily abbreviated but appears to be a philosophical text. The top half of the leaf is missing

Euripides Medea (Fragment)
Minute fragment from Euripides Medea, v.1057-1062, parchment. From a codex, main body text in brown in a rounded unical hand

Biblical Commentary (Fragment)
Fragment of a leaf from a religious text, probably a biblical commentary, parchment. Contains a commentary on and text from Romans

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"Parchment: A Timeless Medium for Knowledge and Art" Parchment, a material steeped in history, has been the canvas for countless masterpieces throughout the ages. From ancient maps to sacred texts, its versatility and durability have preserved human knowledge and artistic expression. Take the Fra Mauro map of 1460, an extraordinary example of cartography on parchment. Unconventional in its orientation with South at the top, this map challenged traditional conventions while showcasing intricate details of distant lands. Inscribed on parchments like Bar Kokhba's original Dead Sea Scroll from 134 CE are significant historical documents such as deeds with multiple signatures. These fragile scrolls provide invaluable insights into ancient civilizations and their legal practices. The elegance of calligraphy is beautifully captured on parchments like the Manuscript Leaf opening The Book of Nehemias from a French Bible dating back to ca. 1280-1300. Each stroke meticulously crafted by skilled hands reflects both devotion and artistry. It also served as a medium for world exploration, as seen in a remarkable world map from 1520. This detailed representation showcases how explorers envisioned our planet during that era when new discoveries were reshaping our understanding of geography. Even religious manuscripts found solace on parchment; Ramon Llull's Breviculum Codex features stunning miniatures that illuminate his philosophical ideas through vivid imagery created using ink on parchment surfaces. Across continents, cultures embraced parchment's allure; a Japanese girl practicing calligraphy demonstrates how this delicate art form continues to be cherished today. The precision required highlights not only skill but also patience and discipline. Strabo's Map of the World further exemplifies how parchment was used to convey geographical knowledge during antiquity—a testament to humanity's thirst for understanding our place within the vastness of Earth. Music too found its home on these durable sheets.