Mineral Collection (page 5)

Wolframite, Castle an Dinas Mine, St Columb Major, Cornwall, England
Wolframite contains iron, manganese and tungsten and is the main ore mineral of tungsten. Until the mid 1800s it was treated as a waste product but it later became a high value by product at many tin

Chalcocite with Chalcopyrite, Tincroft Mine, Illogan, Cornwall, England
Steel coloured crystals of chalcocite covering chalcopyrite. This botryoidal variety of chalcopyrite is known as blister copper

Maen Quarry, Constantine, Cornwall. 1903-1904
A general view of the quarry with the crane used for moving the granite blocks. A number men can be seen with cut blocks at the foot of the quarry face. Part of the Freeman & Sons, Penryn Collection

Bosahan Quarry, Constantine, Cornwall. 1903-1904
General view of the quarry with men standing by cut granite blocks and the crane used for moving the blocks. Two men are standing either side of a horse and cart

Maen Quarry, Constantine, Cornwall. Around 1900
A view of the quarry face showing workers holding the tools of their trade while dressing stones. Blocks of granite are ready to be moved using the crane. Photographer: Samuel John Govier

Cave Pearls, formed as dripping water rich in calcium salts deposits calcite around a small nucleus (often a sand grain). The constant movement of each cave pearl by the dripping water keeps them

Sheet ice crystals viewed by polarised light

Irregular ripples on gypsum sand dunes created by high winds, White Sands National Monument, Chihuahuan Desert, New Mexico, USA, December 2012

Anglesite, Matlock, Derbyshire, England
Tapering, colourless crystals of anglesite on galena. The specimen label, handwritten by collector Philip Rashleigh, states Common lead ore with flat columnar crystals of white lead ore each side

Hematite, Buxton, England
Massive, compact, water worn hematite, dark red in colour. The specimen label states Iron Ore, the best pieces are used for burnishing when polished - from Buxton or thereabouts

Cerussite on Galena and Baryte, Wirksworth, Derbyshire, England
Cerussite on galena and baryte. The specimen label states: 330 Lead ore with transparent crystals of lead ore found near Matlock very Rare. Galena is the primary ore mineral of lead

Malachite, Wheal Husband, Sticker, St Ewe, Cornwall, England
Botryoidal malachite coated in limonite. This specimen was drawn for Specimens of British Minerals, Selected from the Cabinet of Philip Rashleigh (1797, Volume 1, Plate 8)

Clinoclase, St Day, Gwennap, Cornwall, England
Spheroidal clinoclase coating liroconite, 4.5 cm in diameter. The specimen is probably from Wheal Gorland or Wheal Unity. Collector Philip Rashleigh wrote in his mineral catalogue

Chalcophyllite, Wheal Gorland, St Day, Gwennap, Cornwall, England
Coarse crystals of chalcophyllite. Collector Philip Rashleigh wrote in his mineral catalogue: Transparent six sided thin Crystals of Copper Ore with some eight sided crystals of green Do

Galena, Sphalerite, Bitumen and Fluorite, Ashover, Derbyshire, England
Grey galena, brown sphalerite, black bitumen and colourless fluorite. Collector Philip Rashleigh wrote in his mineral catalogue

Galena, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
Reticulated dull grey galena on larger dull grey octahedral crystals of galena. Collector Philip Rashleigh wrote in his mineral catalogue

Galena, Earl Ferrers Mine, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
Reticulated mass of grey galena on top of octahedral crystals of galena with colourless calcite and brassy yellow chalcopyrite, on pink baryte

Galena, Matlock, Derbyshire, England
Bright metallic grey galena. Collector Philip Rashleigh wrote in his mineral catalogue 126 Lead Ore shot in the form of a leaf called Thorn-Leaf Lead Ore. Matlock

Baryte, Bonsall Dale, Bonsall, Derbyshire, England
Variety of baryte known as brainstone. White sprays of dendritic crystals in a limonitic ground mass with one polished face

Gypsum, Cumberland Mine, Matlock Bath, Derbyshire, England
Curved, fibrous aggregates of gypsum crystals. The crystals are milky white in colour and in the same feathery groups as illustrated in Specimens of British Minerals

Goethite with Calcite, Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England
Stalactitic goethite with colourless calcite crystals. This variety of goethite, known as brush ore, was high quality iron ore from the Forest of Dean, often containing between 60-65% iron

Manganite, Warwickshire, England
Acicular manganite crystals on massive manganite. Manganite, which is a valuable manganese ore, was worked at Nuneaton and Hartshill in Warwickshire by the Cornish Mining Company from around 1820 to

Galena and Quartz, Derbyshire, England (Uncertain Locality)
Reticulated grey galena with colourless quartz crystals. Galena is the primary ore mineral of lead

Galena with Calcite, Sphalerite and Pyrite, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
6mm pale yellow scalenohedral calcite crystals (dog tooth spar) and brassy yellow chalcopyrite crystals on galena and sphalerite

Galena with Sphalerite, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
Grey galena with black clusters of sphalerite, colourless calcite and brassy yellow chalcopyrite on pink baryte and brown dolomite

Galena with Sphalerite and Chalcopyrite, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
Reticulated galena, sphalerite and chalcopyrite on octahedral crystals of galena. The locality is recorded as Staunton Harold and this specimen is probably from the Earl Ferrers Mines

Bournonite with Quartz, Herodsfoot Mine, Lanreath, Cornwall, England
Steel-grey twinned bournonite crystals, in distinctive cog wheel formation, with colourless quartz. This fine specimen from the lead and silver mine, Herodsfoot

Cassiterite, Wheal Maudlin, Lostwithiel (formerly in Lanlivery Parish), Cornwall, England
A superb twinned crystal of cassiterite. In Cornwall, cassiterite is concentrated in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites associated with granite intrusions

Cassiterite Partly Replacing Orthoclase, Wheal Coates, St Agnes, Cornwall, England
Twinned crystals of orthoclase feldspar partially replaced by cassiterite. This rare kind of replacement, or partial pseudomorph, is best seen in specimens from Wheal Coates

Cassiterite, St Agnes, Cornwall, England
Large crystals of cassiterite, varying from black to dark brown in colour. In Cornwall, cassiterite is concentrated in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites associated with granite intrusions

Chalcopyrite on Baryte, Ecton Mine, Ecton Hill, Staffordshire, England
Brassy yellow chalcopyrite on botryoidal cream baryte. This specimen is a classic example from the Ecton Copper Mines in Staffordshire. Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore

Chalcopyrite with Calcite and Galena, Staunton Harold, Leicestershire, England
Brassy yellow chalcopyrite crystals on colourless scalenohedral calcite crystals (dog tooth spar) with metallic grey galena on limestone

Copper with Quartz, South Caradon Mine, St Cleer, Cornwall, England
Copper with crystalline quartz. Most Cornish copper specimens are dull, but native copper (pure copper, uncombined with any other elements) from Caradon is invariably bright

Copper, Cornwall, England
An intricate dendritic growth of copper crystals. Also known as native copper, the specimen is pure copper, uncombined with any other elements

Red-and-green macaw (Ara chloropterus) flock feeding on wall of clay lick. Manu Biosphere Reserve, Amazonia, Peru

RF- Landscape of salt pan with sun high above, Salar de Uyuni, Altiplano, Bolivia, April 2017

Duke of Cornwall views geology collections during a visit to the Royal Cornwall Museum to mark the bicentenary year of
The Duke of Cornwall talks to the Professor of Applied Mineralogy at the University of Exeters Camborne School of Mines about some of the important Cornish minerals on display in the Rashleigh

A coal seam can be seen in the rock along the highway in Partridge, Kentucky, U.S. August 13, 2019. Picture taken on August 13, 2019. REUTERS/Charles Mostoller

A band of coal is visible in the rock layers along the roadside on Black Mountain in
A band of coal is visible in the rock layers along the roadside on Black Mountain, in Lynch, Kentucky, U.S. August 13, 2019. Picture taken on August 13, 2019. REUTERS/Charles Mostoller

Ehtiopia, Dancalia, Danakil depression, Dallol hot water mineral spring

Dark Force Resilience
James Cai

Montana, Yellowstone National Park, Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District, Travertine Terraces

Underground Miners, Dolcoath, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo)
NGW311349 Underground Miners, Dolcoath, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo) by Burrow, John Charles (1852-1914); National Museum Wales; National Museums & Galleries of Wales

Underground Mining, Colcauth, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo)
NGW311348 Underground Mining, Colcauth, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo) by Burrow, John Charles (1852-1914); National Museum Wales; National Museums & Galleries of Wales

Underground Miners, Dolcoath, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo)
NGW311347 Underground Miners, Dolcoath, Cornwall, 1893 (b/w photo) by Burrow, John Charles (1852-1914); National Museum Wales; National Museums & Galleries of Wales

Salt lake water under blue sky with fluffy clouds in summer day. Creative color concept Salt lake water under blue sky with fluffy clouds in summer day. Creative color concept

Pink salt lake water with wooden posts under clear blue sky in summer day. Creative color concept Pink salt lake water with wooden posts under clear blue sky in summer day. Creative color concept

Pamukkale limestone terraces at sunset, Pamukkale, Turkey

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"Unearthing the Beauty: Exploring the World of Minerals" Step into a world where nature's treasures shine bright. From the depths of Cornwall, England, to the coal mines of the 1850s and beyond, minerals have captivated humanity for centuries. In Carnon Stream Works, Perranarworthal, Cornwall, England, gold gleams in its purest form. Its allure has sparked dreams and ambitions throughout history – just like during the Australian Gold Rush in the 1850s when prospectors flocked to unearth their fortunes. Harold Harvey's masterpiece "The Clay Pit" transports us back to a time when coal mining shaped communities in England during the 19th century. The grit and determination of those miners echo through time as they delved deep into darkness to fuel industrial progress. Polkanuggo Quarry in Stithians witnessed an era of extraction that left lasting imprints on both land and culture. Harold Harvey captures this momentous period with his skilled brush strokes – from copper and magnesium sulphate discoveries to calcareous phytoplankton fossils preserved for eternity. Leswidden's China Clay Pit reveals another facet exploration; here lies a delicate balance between human intervention and natural beauty. Harold Harvey once again immortalizes this scene with his artistic prowess. As we delve deeper into our planet's geological cross-section through Earth's crust, we uncover secrets hidden beneath our feet. Picture No. 10984558 serves as a window into these mysteries waiting to be unraveled by curious minds. Aquamarine crystals glisten like drops from Poseidon himself – enchanting all who lay eyes upon them with their ethereal hues reminiscent of tranquil waters, and are not mere commodities; they represent stories etched within Earth itself – tales told through layers upon layers over millions of years. They remind us that even amidst chaos and change, there is enduring beauty waiting patiently to be discovered.