Middle Ages Gallery

The Middle Ages, also known as the Medieval period, lasted from the 5th to the 15th century

EXPL2A-00352
The Hereford Mappa Mundi of 1280 - Jerusalem is at the center, Europe lower left, Africa lower right. Printed color halftone reproduction 19th century

Antique map of Britain under the Anglo Saxons

Al-Idrisis world map, 1154
Al-Idrisis world map. This world map, known as the Tabula Rogeriana, dates from 1154, and is orientated with North at bottom

Medieval urine wheel. Labelled in Latin, this 15th century diagram shows some of the possible colours of urine (outer edge of circle) to help doctors diagnose urine-related diseases

Map of England in 1066
England at the time of the Norman conquest, 1066-1081. Color lithograph of a 19th-century illustration

Bayeaux Tapestry portraying the Norman Conquest
Norman invasion of England in 1066 A.D. Color lithograph reproduction of part of the Bayeux tapestry

Magna Carta. Signed June 1215. Document producecd by Barons of King John in order the enshrine certain freedoms and protections to the free men (non- Serfs) of England. Latin for Great Charter

Medieval Europe at the start of the Crusades
Map of Europe at the time of the First Crusade, 1097 AD. Printed color lithograph of a 19th-century illustration

Map of Britain in 597 AD
Map of territory controlled by Celts, Picts, Anglos, Saxons, and other tribes in Britain in 597 AD. Printed color lithograph of a 19th-century illustration

Medieval Spain and Portugal map
Map of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1300s and 1400s. Printed color lithograph reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

Celestial mechanics, medieval artwork
Celestial mechanics. Coloured historical artwork depicting a medieval pilgrim looking out from the sky (blue) to see the mechanics of the heavens (upper left)

Marco Polo leaving Venice, 1300s
Marco Polo leaving Venice on his journey to China, 1338. Color lithograph reproductioin of a manuscript: Bod. Misc. 264

Catalan Atlas, 14th century. The 6-page Catalan Atlas (1375) was produced on vellum by the Jewish cartographer Abraham Cresques

Lindisfarne Gospels page
Beginning of the Book of Luke, Lindisfarne Gospels, 1100s. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction

Medieval English shield designs
Shields of English knights and barons, painted during the reign of Edward III. Lithograph reproduction

Viking ship at sea
Norsemen at sea following their raven pilot. Hand-colored halftone reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

Barga, Italy
Barga. View from the mediaeval Tuscan town of Barga across the Serchio river valley, towards the summit of Pania Secca (1171 metres) in the Apuan Alps, Italy

Gutenbergs printing press, 1450s
Gutenberg and Fust with the first printing press, Germany, 1450s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

England in the Ninth Century
An antique map from 1875 showing the different kingdoms of England in the 9th century

Beowulf manuscript page
Page from the Old English manuscript of " Beowulf" in the British Museum. Woodcut reproduction with a watercolor wash

Battle of Agincourt about to begin, 1415
English army on the morning of battle at Agincourt, Hundred Years War, 1415. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Beatus map of the world. Saint Beatus of Liebana Spanish monk, theologian and geographer 730 - 800

Oronce Fines world map, 1531
Oronce Fines world map. Map of the worlds northern and southern hemispheres by the French mathematician and cartographer Oronce Fine (1494-1555)

Map of Palestine, 1588
16th century map of Palestine. North is towards upper right. Published in 1588, this German map shows the geography of Palestine, centred on the area that later become the state of Israel

Templar knight on his horse ready for battle. At the time of the Crusades. Hand coloured engraving- 1847 version of 14th century manuscript illustration in Barberini Library, Rome

Arab empire, mid-700s
Empire of the Arab Caliphs, middle of the 8th century. Printed color lithograph

Map of Europe, 1600
16th century map of Europe. Published in Sienna in 1600, this Italian map shows the latest knowledge of the geography of Europe

Medieval castle
Knights entering a castle in the Middle Ages. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Angevin kings holdings in France and Britain
British Isles and France under the Angevins, 1100s-1400s. Color lithograph reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

Battle of Bannockburn - Robert the Bruce reviewing his troops before battle. 24 June 1314. Significant Scottish victory in the Wars of Scottish Independence

Trepanation, 14th century artwork
Trepanation. 14th century artwork of a doctor using a hammer and scalpel to perform a surgical operation known as trepanation

Medieval goldsmith at work
Workshop of Etienne Delaulne, a goldsmith in Paris, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a 16th-century illustration

Nottingham Castle in the 1500s
Nottingham Castle overlooking the surrounding countryside in the 1500s. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

Ladies in Florence during the Renaissance
Noble ladies of Florence during the early 1400s. Antique hand-colored print

Ashford Castle, County Mayo, Ireland; Exterior Of A 13Th Century Castle

St Bernard of Clairvaux
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Digitally colored engraving

PROY2A-00017
Map of Europe in the time of Charlemagne, 768-814 AD. Printed color lithograph, 19th century

Celtic bronze swords
Bronze swords of the Celts, found in Ireland. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration of artifacts

Map of Europe, 1700
17th century map of Europe. Published in 1700, this map by the Dutch cartographer Frederick de Witt (1630-1706) shows the latest knowledge of the geography of Europe

The Chosen - Last Judgment
Last Judgment by Fra Angelico. fifteenth century

World map by Martin Behaim, 1492, wood engraving, published 1884
World map by Martin Behaim, 1492. Woodcut engraving from my archive, published in 1884

17th century city, plan of Augsburg, Germany
Typical fortifications and references. Rich in details, beautifully aged paperPublished by J. Stockdale, Piccadilly 1800

Knights Templar are on a mission to collect relics for their nation

Topographical map depicting London in 13th Century. Printed by Walker and Boutall sc. Emery Walker (D. 1933)

1551 Gesner armoured rhino after Durer
Gesner Woodcut " Icones Animalium" 1560, reproduced from 1551. Published Christoph Froschover, Zurich. Gesner reproduces this image faithfully from the famous 1515 woodcut by Durer

Mideast map during the Crusades
Map of the Middle East at the time of the Crusades. Printed color lithograph

GEUR2D-00005
North rose window of Chartres Cathedral, depicting the glorification of the Virgin Mary, c. 1230 A.D. France. Digital photograph

GEUR2A-00057
Medieval walled city of Nuremberg, Germany, 1400s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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The Middle Ages, also known as the Medieval period, lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It was a time of great change in Europe, with advances in art, architecture and literature. The feudal system was established during this time and it saw kings ruling over large areas of land with lords and vassals below them. The Church played an important role in society during this period and its influence could be seen in many aspects of life including education, law and culture. War was common during this period as rulers fought for control over their lands. This era saw the rise of cities such as Paris, London and Rome which became cultural centres for learning and trade. Despite its turbulent history, the they were an important part of European history that helped shape our modern world today.