Macromolecule Collection

Nanotube technology. Computer artwork of four cylindrical fullerenes (carbon nanotubes) of varying size, with the smaller ones nested inside the larger ones

SARS coronavirus protein. Molecular model of the ORF-9b protein produced by the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus

Zinc fingers bound to a DNA strand, molecular model. The double helix of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and yellow) is seen here with two Zif268 proteins (blue and green)

Carbon nanotube. Computer artwork showing the hexagonal carbon structure of a nanotube, or buckytube

Fullerene molecule, computer artwork
Fullerene molecule. Computer artwork of the spherical fullerene molecule C320. Fullerenes are a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Buckyball molecule. Computer artwork of a molecule of buckminsterfullerene (C60), a spherical fullerene and the first fullerene to be discovered (in 1985)

Nanotube technology, computer artwork
Nanotube technology. Computer artwork of a cylindrical fullerene molecule (carbon nanotube). The hexagonal carbon structure of the nanotube is shown here

TFAM transcription factor bound to DNA C015 / 7059
TFAM transcription factor bound to DNA, molecular model. Human mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM, green) bound to a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, blue and pink)

Adenovirus hexon protein, molecular model. Hexon proteins are part of the protein coat or shell (capsid) of adenoviruses

High-contrast direct DNA image, TEM
High-contrast direct DNA image. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of the first high-contrast direct image of a bundle (fibre) of strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Thrombin complexed with fibrinogen C015 / 7149
Thrombin complexed with fibrinogen, molecular model. The thrombin molecules (left and right, brown and pink) are bound to the central part of the fibrinogen molecule (centre, multiple colours)

Human polio virus, molecular model
Human polio virus capsid, molecular model. Poliovirus causes poliomyelitis, a disease that can cause paralysis in up to 2 percent of patients, and in some cases death

MscL ion channel protein structure. Molecular model showing the protein structure of a Mechanosensitive Channel of Large Conductance (MscL) from a Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium

Cucumber mosaic virus, computer model
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), computer model. This image was created using molecular modelling software and data from X-ray crystallography

Murine norovirus, computer model
Murine norovirus (MNV), computer model. This image was created using molecular modelling software and data from cryo-electron microscopy

Murine norovirus with antibody fragments
Murine norovirus (MNV) with antibody fragments, computer model. This image was created using molecular modelling software and data from cryo- electron microscopy

Illustration of macromolecule of sodium chloride (salt)

Conceptual image of polyomavirus

Conceptual image of a ubiquitous virus. A ubiquitous virus is contagious in early childhood through the respiratory tract

Ricin A-chain, artwork C017 / 3653
Ricin A-chain. Computer artwork showing the enzymatically active A-chain from a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (seen here) and B (not shown)

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7082
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow) and transcription factor IIB

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7088
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow) and transcription factor IIB

Ricin molecule, artwork C017 / 3652
Ricin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (yellow) and B (blue)

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7084
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow) and transcription factor IIB

Ricin molecule, artwork C017 / 3651
Ricin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (yellow) and B (blue)

Ricin molecule, artwork C017 / 3650
Ricin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (yellow) and B (blue)

HK97 bacteriophage capsid, molecular model. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, in this case enterobacteria such as E. coli (Escherichia coli), with the phage head shown here

Chikungunya virus capsid, molecular model. This virus, transmitted by mosquitoes in tropical Africa and Asia, causes fever and joint pain in humans, similar to dengue fever

HK97 bacteriophage procapsid. Molecular model showing the structure of the prohead-I procapsid of the HK97 bacteriophage

Turnip yellow mosaic virus capsid, molecular model. This virus infects a wide variety of plants, including crops such as turnips and cabbages, causing yellow patches on the leaves

Sindbis virus capsid, molecular model. This virus, transmitted by mosquitoes, causes sindbis fever in humans. In viruses, the capsid is the protein shell that encloses the genetic material

Murine polyomavirus capsid, molecular model. This virus, one of a range named for their potential to cause multiple tumours, infects mice

Brome mosaic virus capsid, molecular model. This plant virus infects grasses, especially brome grasses, and also barley. It causes mosaic patches of discolouration

Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid, molecular model. This virus (CCMV) infects the cowpea plant (Vigna unguiculata), causing yellow spots of discolouration

Potassium ion channel protein structure. Molecular model of a KcsA potassium ion (K+) channel from Streptomyces lividans bacteria

Streptavidin-biotin molecular complex. Molecular model of a single-strand binding complex of streptavidin (ribbons) and biotin (space-filled model, centre). Biotin is also known as vitamin B7

Potassium ion channel beta subunit. Molecular model showing the structure a beta subunit of a voltage-dependent potassium (K+) channel

KCNQ ion channel protein structure. Molecular model showing the protein structure of an ion channel domain

Potassium ion channel cavity structure. Molecular model showing the structure of a cavity formed by potassium ion channel proteins

Avian polyomavirus capsid, molecular model. This virus, one of a range named for their potential to cause multiple tumours, infects birds. Discovered in budgerigars in 1981, it is often fatal

Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus capsid, molecular model

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7090
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, spheres) and transcription factor IIB

Theilers encephalomyelitis virus capsid, molecular model. This virus, which causes brain and spinal cord inflammation in mice, is used in research

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7085
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow) and transcription factor IIB

Ricin A-chain, artwork C017 / 3654
Ricin A-chain. Computer artwork showing the enzymatically active A-chain from a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (seen here) and B (not shown)

Tobacco necrosis virus capsid, molecular model. This plant virus infects a wide rage of plants, including the tobacco plant for which it is named. The virus causes tissue death (necrosis)

Ricin molecule, artwork C017 / 3649
Ricin molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. Ricin comprises two entwined amino acid chains; A (yellow) and B (blue)

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7083
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow) and transcription factor IIB

Grapevine fanleaf virus capsid, molecular model. This plant virus is named for its infection of grape vines. It is transmitted by the nematode worm Xiphinema index

VEE equine encephalitis virus capsid
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus capsid, molecular model. This mosquito-borne virus can kill horses and other equine species, causing brain and spinal cord inflammation

Adenosine molecule
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), molecular model. Nucleotide used as a monomer in RNA

Murine minute virus capsid, molecular model. This parvovirus infects mice, its only known natural host

TATA box-binding protein complex C017 / 7089
TATA box-binding protein complex. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP, green) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, spheres) and transcription factor IIB

SV40 virus capsid, molecular model C018 / 7904
SV40 virus capsid, molecular model. Simian virus 40 (SV40) is found in monkeys such as Rhesus monkeys and macaques. Potentially tumour-causing, it is used in laboratory research and in vaccines

SV40 virus capsid, molecular model C018 / 7903
SV40 virus capsid, molecular model. Simian virus 40 (SV40) is found in monkeys such as Rhesus monkeys and macaques. Potentially tumour-causing, it is used in laboratory research and in vaccines

T-cell receptor bound to enterotoxin, molecular model. The T cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex found on the surface of a type of white blood cell called T lymphocytes (or T cells)

Bird egg white protein, molecular model. This is a deglycosylated form of the egg white glycoprotein avidin, obtained from a chicken (Gallus gallus)

Reversibly switchable fluorescent protein, molecular model

Excisionase complex with DNA. Molecular model of three excisionase proteins (bottom, purple, green and blue) bound to a strand of DNA (top, deoxyribonucleic acid)

Epstein-Barr virus protein and DNA. Molecular model of the DNA-binding domain of a viral protein (pink-blue) bound to a lytic gene promoter element (viral strand of DNA, left)

DNA translocase, molecular model
ftsk, , protein, biomolecule, macromolecule, translocase, enzyme, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacteria, biochemistry, biology, genetics, molecular biology, proteomics, artwork, illustration

Ebola virus transcription factor fragment. Molecular model of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Ebola virus transcription factor VP30

Bacterial twitching motility protein
pilt, , protein, biomolecule, macromolecule, bacterial twitching motility, enzyme, aquifex aeolicus, bacterium, biochemistry, biology, molecular biology, proteomics, bacteriology, microbiology

RuvBL1 helicase enzyme, molecular model

Metal-binding protein bound to DNA. Molecular model of the bacterial metal-binding protein NikR (bottom) bound to a strand of DNA (top, helical, deoxyribonucleic acid)

Muscle contraction proteins. Molecular model of muscle protein motor cross-bridges during contraction in muscle. The cross-bridge is seen from the side, with contraction taking place horizontally

Buckminsterfullerene molecule C016 / 8354
Buckminsterfullerene molecule

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8888
This image may not be used in educational posters Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8889
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8886
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8887
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8890
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8885
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8891
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8883
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Nanotube structure, artwork C016 / 8884
Nanotube structure. Computer artwork of the structure of a cylindrical nanotube. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Alpha-beta T-cell receptor, molecular model. The T cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex found on the surface of a type of white blood cell called T lymphocytes (or T cells)

Carbamoylsarcosine amidase enzyme, molecular model

Genomic HIV-RNA duplex, molecular model

Transducin protein beta-gamma complex. Molecular model of the beta-gamma dimer of the heterotrimeric G protein transducin

Nerve growth factor bound to receptor, molecular model. Nerve growth factor (NGF) complexed with the TrkA receptor. NGF is a neurotrophin that acts on the development and function of nerves

Chromosome segregation protein, molecular model. This proteins function is to aid the process of chromosome segregation during cell division and replication

Nerve growth factor protein complex, molecular model. This complex consists of nerve growth factor (NGF) in complex with four binding proteins

Thymidylic acid-ribonuclease A complex. Molecular model of a thymidylic acid tetramer (blue) in complex with ribonuclease A (red)

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EDITORS COMMENTS

Macromolecules, the building blocks of life, are at the forefront of scientific innovation. Nanotube technology has revolutionized various fields, enabling advancements in medicine and electronics. In this captivating computer artwork, we witness the intricate Zinc fingers binding to a DNA strand, showcasing their crucial role in gene regulation. Carbon nanotubes have also emerged as remarkable materials with immense potential. Their unique structure and properties make them ideal for applications ranging from energy storage to drug delivery systems. Computer-generated images depict these carbon nanotubes in all their glory. The SARS coronavirus protein is another macromolecule that has garnered significant attention due to its role in viral infection. Scientists tirelessly study it to develop effective treatments against deadly outbreaks. Computer models allow us to explore complex structures like Bacteriophage phi29—a virus that infects bacteria—providing insights into its mechanisms and aiding in the development of targeted therapies. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), closely related to HIV, poses a global health challenge. Understanding its macromolecular components helps researchers devise strategies for prevention and treatment. Rhodopsin protein molecule captures our imagination with its vital function in vision. Its elegant structure enables light detection and initiates visual signals within our eyes. TFAM transcription factor bound to DNA C015/7059 showcases how macromolecules regulate gene expression by interacting with specific regions on DNA strands—an essential process for cell functioning and development. These glimpses into the world of macromolecules highlight their significance across diverse disciplines—from cutting-edge technologies like nanotube engineering to unraveling infectious diseases or understanding fundamental biological processes. As scientists continue exploring these fascinating molecules, they pave the way for groundbreaking discoveries that shape our future.