Hominoid Collection

Sensory homunculus
This model shows what a mans body would look like if each part grew in proportion to the area of the cortex of the brain concerned with its sensory perception

Motor homunculus
This model shows what a mans body would look like if each part grew in proportion to the area of the cortex of the brain concerned with its movement

Hominid crania
L to R: Australopithecus africanus; Homo rudolfensis; H.erectus; H. heildebergensis; H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. Arranged in chronological order these specimens (casts)

Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1) (Lucy)
A cast of the partial skeleton (nicknamed Lucy) of Australopithecus afarensis found at the Hadar, North East Ethiopia in 1974 by Donald Johanson

Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1) (Lucy)
A partial skeleton (nicknamed Lucy) of Australopithecus afarensis found at the Hadar, North East Ethiopia in 1974 by Donald Johanson

Homo neanderthalensis in action at Swanscombe, UK
An illustration by Angus McBride showing a group of Homo neanderthalensis on the ancient banks of the river Thames in modern day Swanscombe, Kent

Proconsul africanus
An illustration of the extinct primate, Proconsul africanus. Like Dendropithecus, they mostly lived in tropical forests in East Africa during the Miocene about 50 million years ago

Hominid reconstructions in chronological order
From left to right: Australopithecus, Early Homo erectus (Java Man), Late Homo erectus (Peking Man), Homo heidelbergensis (Rhodesian Man), Neanderthal man and Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon)

Australopithecus afarensis
Illustration by Maurice Wilson of extinct African hominids (Australopithecus afarensis) living 3-4 million years ago. They walked upright, although they retained the ability to climb trees

Homo heidelbergensis in action
A reconstructed scene by Angus McBride showing Homo erectus killing an elephant. Homo heidelbergensis lived for about 1.5 million years and is believed to have used sophisticated tools

Guy (1946-1978), a western lowland gorilla
Guy the gorilla was one of London Zoos best-loved residents. After his death, he lived on as a display and research specimen at the Natural History Museum

Gorilla gorilla gorilla, western lowland gorilla

Satyrus, Ourang Outang. Engraved by Barlow, 18th century
3052972 Satyrus, Ourang Outang. Engraved by Barlow, 18th century.; Private Collection.

Simia Lar, Great Gibbon. Engraved by Barlow, 18th century
3052977 Simia Lar, Great Gibbon. Engraved by Barlow, 18th century.; Private Collection.

Wallaces Orang Utan
Pongo pygmaeus, bornean orangutan specimen. An Alfred Russel Wallace specimen

A humorous view of the reverse evolution of man

Homo erectus cranium casts Peking Man & OH9
Left: This skull is a reconstruction based upon evidence discovered at locality 1, Zhoukoudian Cave which date back 500, 000 years

Homo erectus (or Homo ergaster), Turkana boy (KNM-WT 15000)
A replica of the fossil cranium (with reconstruction) that once belonged to a male Homo erectus aged 9 to 12 years old when he died

Homo erectus, Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17)

Aegyptopithecus zeuxis
Illustration of an Egyptian Ape by Maurice Wilson. The forerunners of both monkeys and apes. These small arboreal primates lived 35-32 million years ago in the tropical rain forests of northern Egypt

Pongo pygmaeus, orangutan
Portrait of a female orangutan, native to the Islands of Java, Sumatra and Borneo. Photographed by Frank Greenaway

Simia Lar, Great Gibbon. Engraved By Barlow, 18Th Century

Satyrus, Ourang Outang. Engraved By Barlow, 18Th Century

Chimpanzee Or Orang-Outang. Engraved By P. Halpin 18Th Century

Satyrus, Ourang Outang. Pongo Or Jocko. Engraved By Barlow

Homo erectus, Java Man (Sangiran 17) cranium cast
Three quarter view of partially reconstructed cranium of Homo erectus Java Man about 700, 000 years old known as Sangiran 17. Discovered by Towikromo in 1969

Homo erectus crania (Ngandong 1 & Trinil)
The larger cranium belongs to Homo erectus discovered at Ngandong near to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia

Homo heidelbergensis, Boxgrove Man tibia
The tibia or shin bone of Boxgrove Man (Homo heidelbergensis) discovered in a quarry at Boxgrove, West Sussex, UK. The specimen dates back 500

Homo sapiens, Cro-Magnon man
A model head of Homo sapiens, Cro-Magnon man. Cro-Magnon man, an anatomically modern human lived around 30, 000 years ago in the Dordogne region of France. This model was created by Maurice Wilson

Homo neanderthalensis
A model head of Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthalensis) created by Maurice Wilson. Neanderthal man is believed to have lived between around 130, 000 and 35, 000 years ago

Homo heidelbergensis, Boxgrove Man
An artists impression of Boxgrove Man (Homo heidelbergensis) based on fossil evidence discovered at a quarry in Boxgrove, Chichester, W. Sussex

Gigantopithecus model jaw
Model of Gigantopithecus jaw with Gorilla jaw for scale

Australopithecus boisei (OH5) & Homo habilis (OH24) crania
Two cranium casts of: (left) Australopithecus boisei known as OH5 and (right) homo habilis known as OH24. Both original specimens were discovered within Bed 1 at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Wallaces Orang Utan
Pongo pygmaeus, bornean orangutan specimen. An Alfred Russel Wallace specimen

A Happy Family
Plate 13 taken from The Life and Habits of Wild Animals, illustrated with designs by Joseph Wolf, London 1874. Date: 1874

Fruit and nuts and fossilized skull of Proconsul

Bornean orangutan C016 / 6223
Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). This specimen was collected by Alfred Russell Wallace and is held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Bornean orangutan C016 / 6155
Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). This specimen was collected by Alfred Russell Wallace and is held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Bornean orangutan C016 / 6111
Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) specimen held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Bornean orangutan C016 / 6110
Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). This specimen was collected by Alfred Russell Wallace and is held at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Homo sp. pelvis comparison C016 / 5935
Homo sp. pelvis comparison. Side view comparison of pelvis (ischium) of a male Homo heidelbergensis, (Broken Hill E719) and a cast of Homo erectus Pelvis (OH28) discovered at Olduvai Gorge

Neanderthal skeleton C016 / 5666
Neandertal skeleton. Life size model of a male Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton. This was created using a modified modern human skeleton and replicas of Neanderthal fossil bones

Hominoid and human mandible C016 / 5609
Hominoid and human mandible (lower jaw). Human mandible (left) compared with a Sivapithecus hominoid mandible. Sivapithecus, an extinct ape from the Miocene, lived 9 million years ago

Hominoid cranial fragment C016 / 5608
Hominoid (Sivapithecus meteai) cranial fragment. A lower fragment of the cranium showing the maxilla (upper jaw), incisors, canine, premolars and molars

Solo man (Homo erectus) cranium C016 / 5605
Cast of the Solo Man (Homo erectus) cranium (Ngandong 1). The Solo Man cranium was discovered at Ngandong, close to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia

Homo erectus cranium OH 9 C016 / 5604
Homo erectus cranium (OH 9). The skull of Homo erectus known as OH 9, found at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania by Louis Leakey in 1960. This specimen is 1.2 million years old

Orangutan skull, artwork C016 / 5549
Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) skull. Pencil and ink drawing by Henrik Gronvold (1858-1940) from Notes on Anthropoid Apes (1904) by Lord Lionel Walter Rothschild

Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1) C016 / 5208
Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1). Cast of the fossil mandible from the Homo heidelbergensis specimen discovered by workmen in 1907 at Mauer, Germany

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"Hominoid: Unraveling the Evolutionary Tapestry" Delve into the fascinating world of hominoids, a diverse group of primates that includes humans and their closest relatives. From the intricate sensory homunculus mapping our perception to the remarkable Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1), affectionately known as Lucy, these creatures hold secrets to our own origins. The study of hominid crania provides invaluable insights into our ancestors' physical characteristics and evolutionary journey. The iconic Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1) skull, famously named Lucy after its discovery in Ethiopia, offers a glimpse into an ancient species that walked upright millions of years ago. As we explore further, we encounter the motor homunculus – a representation of how different areas of our brain control specific body movements. Witness Homo neanderthalensis in action at Swanscombe, UK; imagine their strength and resilience as they roamed Europe thousands of years ago. Travel back even earlier with Proconsul africanus - an early ape-like ancestor believed to have lived around 23 million years ago. These reconstructions allow us to visualize how this creature might have looked like during its time on Earth. Continuing along this chronological path brings us face-to-face with Australopithecus afarensis once again. This species played a crucial role in human evolution by exhibiting bipedal locomotion and providing evidence for early tool use. Step forward in time to witness Homo heidelbergensis in action - an archaic human species that inhabited Africa nearly half a million years ago. Observe their resourcefulness and adaptability as they thrived across various environments. Not limited solely to humans, we also encounter Guy - a western lowland gorilla who lived from 1946 until 1978.