Forced Migrant Collection

Antwerp refugees fleeing to Holland, 1914. Creator: Bain News Service
Antwerp refugees fleeing to Holland, 1914. Shows refugees walking on railroad tracks on way to Holland during World War I.

Returning French Refugees, 1918 or 1919. Creator: Bain News Service
Returning French Refugees, 1918 or 1919. Refugees returning to France after World War I.

Improvised homes in ruined France, between c1915 and 1918. Creator: Bain News Service
Improvised homes in ruined France, between c1915 and 1918. Men, women and children, outside wood shacks during World War I in France.

Belgian orphans leaving Paris for country homes, between 1914 and c1915. Creator: Bain News Service
Belgian orphans leaving Paris for country homes, between 1914 and c1915. Belgian children in Paris during World War I.

Refugees from Belgium in Paris, 1914, 1914. Creator: Bain News Service
Refugees from Belgium in Paris, 1914, 1914. Belgian refugees during World War I in Paris, France.

The War in the Herzegovina: Refugees begging outside an hotel at Ragusa, 1876. Creator: Unknown
The War in the Herzegovina: Refugees begging outside an hotel at Ragusa [Dubrovnik], 1876. The Delegations of Austria and Hungary were opened on Monday

The War in the Herzegovina: sketches by our special artist, 1876. Creator: Unknown
The War in the Herzegovina: sketches by our special artist, 1876....some ordinary incidents and habits of campaigning life during the irregular warfare of the past six months in those rugged

Herzegovinian Refugees at Ragusa, from a sketch by our special artist, 1876. Creator: Unknown
Herzegovinian Refugees at Ragusa, from a sketch by our special artist, 1876. In the interview which Baron Rodich had, a fortnight ago, at Ragusa [Dubrovnik], with the principal insurgent leaders

Distributing Charitable Funds to the Herzegovinian Refugees at Ragusa...1876. Creator: Unknown
Distributing Charitable Funds to the Herzegovinian Refugees at Ragusa [Dubrovnik], from a sketch by our special artist, 1876

The Dark Hours of Italy; Women and children of Friuli and Carnia fleeing... 1917. Creator: Unknown
The Dark Hours of Italy; Women and children of Friuli and Carnia fleeing the horrors of the invasion, 1917. From "L'Album de la Guerre 1914-1919, Volume 2" [L'Illustration, Paris

The Dark Hours of Italy; Refugees from Friuli in a square in Brescia, 1917. Creator: Unknown
The Dark Hours of Italy; Refugees from Friuli in a square in Brescia, 1917. From "L'Album de la Guerre 1914-1919, Volume 2" [L'Illustration, Paris, 1924]

On the Eastern Front; In Salonika, August 20, 1917: refugee camp... 1917. Creator: Unknown
On the Eastern Front; In Salonika, August 20, 1917: refugee camp on the Champ de Mars, 1917. From "L'Album de la Guerre 1914-1919, Volume 2" [L'Illustration, Paris, 1924]

'The refugees at Kah-Ding; A Cruise to Soo-chow, 1875. Creator: Lindley, Augustus Frederick
The refugees at Kah-Ding; A Cruise to Soo-chow, 1875. From, Illustrated Travels by H.W. Bates. [Cassell, Petter, and Galpin, c1880, London]

Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); Deux petits enfants... 1916. Creator: Unknown
Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); Deux petits enfants attendant, au milieu des paquets, que leur maman ait retrouve le sien, 1916. From "Collection de la Guerre IV

Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); une famille qui a... 1916. Creator: Unknown
Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); une famille qui a entasse tout ce qu'elle possede sur une brouette, 1916. From "Collection de la Guerre IV

Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); une arrivee de... 1916. Creator: Unknown
Les rapatries du Nord de la France a annemasse (Haute-Savoie); une arrivee de rapatries, par le tramway venant de Geneve qui fut leur derniere halte avant la France, 1916

Devant l'envahisseur; Beaucoup, qui ne possedent qu'un chien comme bete de trait, 1914. Creator: Unknown
'Devant l'envahisseur; Beaucoup, qui ne possedent qu'un chien comme bete de trait, ont du abandonner derriere eux tous leurs biens, 1914

Devant l'envahisseur; Les habitants des campagnes belges fuient sur les routes, 1914. Creator: Unknown
'Devant l'envahisseur; Les habitants des campagnes belges, emportant ce qu'ils ont pu reunir dans la hate de la panique, fuient sur les routes, 1914

'L'exode des paysans serbes.'. Creator: Unknown
L'exode des paysans serbes'. From "Collection de la Guerre IV. L'Illustration Tome CXLVII. La Guerre Janvier, Fevrier, Mars, Avril, Mai, Juin 1916"

Aux Camps Serbes (Soldats et refugies civils) de Salonique; les cuisines des detchements... 1916
Aux Camps Serbes (Soldats et refugies civils) de Salonique; les cuisines des detchements serbes, venus de Monastir apres de dures fatigues et de longues privations, 1916

Au debut de l'Invasion de la Serbie. --Scenes de l'exode des populations serbes devant... 1916. Creator: R
Au debut de l'Invasion de la Serbie. --Scenes de l'exode des populations serbes devant les Bulgares, 1916. From "Collection de la Guerre IV. L'Illustration Tome CXLVII

Aux Camps Serbes (Soldats et refugies civils) de Salonique; Une Belge, elle aussi sans... 1916. Creator: Hubert Jacques
Aux Camps Serbes (Soldats et refugies civils) de Salonique; Une Belge, elle aussi sans foyer, distribue des secours aux petits enfants serbes, 1916. From "Collection de la Guerre IV

The Inhabitants leaving Balaclava, by Order of Lord Raglan, 1854. Creator: Unknown
The Inhabitants leaving Balaclava, by Order of Lord Raglan, 1854. Crimean War: expulsion of Greek civilians by the British Army

Cotton pickers emptying sacks, Kern County, California, 1938. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Kern County, California. Cotton pickers emptying sacks at eleven a.m. Stopped from further work for the day by rain

Family between Dallas and Austin, Texas, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Family between Dallas and Austin, Texas. The people have left their home and connections in South Texas, and hope to reach the Arkansas Delta for work in the cotton fields. Penniless people

Once a Missouri farmer, now a migratory farm laborer on the Pacific Coast, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Once a Missouri farmer, now a migratory farm laborer on the Pacific Coast. California

Drought refugees stopped along the highway near Lordsburg, New Mexico, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Drought refugees stopped along the highway near Lordsburg, New Mexico

Migratory family, Route 70, Arizona, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Migratory family traveling across the desert in search of work in the cotton at Roswell, New Mexico. U.S. Route 70, Arizona

Refugee family from the Rio Grande Valley, Texas, near Holtville, California, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Refugee family from the Rio Grande Valley, Texas, camped in the brush in a river bottom near Holtville, California

Migratory family, Route 70, Arizona, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Migratory family traveling across the desert in search of work in the cotton at Roswell, New Mexico. U.S. Route 70, Arizona

Once a Missouri farmer, now a migratory farm laborer on the Pacific Coast, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Once a Missouri farmer, now a migratory farm laborer on the Pacific Coast. California

Two families of migrants from Missouri looking for work in the pea fields, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Two families of migrants from Missouri looking for work in the pea fields. California

Children of Oklahoma migrants in agricultural workers camp near Calipatria, California, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Children of Oklahoma migrants in agricultural workers camp near Calipatria, California

Children of Oklahoma migrants, near Calipatria, California, 1937. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Children of Oklahoma migrants in agricultural workers camp near Calipatria, California

Family between Dallas and Austin, Texas, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Family between Dallas and Austin, Texas. The people have left their home and connections in South Texas, and hope to reach the Arkansas Delta for work in the cotton fields. Penniless people

On the move, Wagoner, Wagoner County, Oklahoma, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
On the move. Wagoner, Wagoner County, Oklahoma

Oklahoma refugees, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Oklahoma refugees. California

Grandmother from Oklahoma with grandson, working on quilt, California, Kern County, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Grandmother from Oklahoma with grandson, working on quilt. California, Kern County

Grandmother from Oklahoma with grandson, working on quilt, California, Kern County, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Grandmother from Oklahoma with grandson, working on quilt. California, Kern County

Resettled child of Bosque Farms, New Mexico, 1935. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Resettled child of Bosque Farms, New Mexico. She herds cows for neighboring families for five cents per day

Migrant agricultural worker's family, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Migrant agricultural worker's family. Seven hungry children. Mother aged thirty-two. Father is a native Californian. Destitute in pea picker's camp, Nipomo, California

Camp of single men by the roadside...come in to work in the pea fields, Nipomo, California, 1935
Camp of single men by the roadside. They have come in to work in the pea fields. Nipomo, California

In a migratory camp, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
In a migratory camp. California

Migrant family in Kern County, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Migrant family in Kern County. This family was sent back at the state line by Los Angeles police. Refused entrance into California

Migrant from Chickasaw, Oklahoma, stalled on the desert in southern California with no money, 1937
Southern California desert. Migrant from Chickasaw, Oklahoma, stalled on the desert in southern California with no money. He and his ten children are facing future in California

Family of four to be returned to Oklahoma by the Relief Administration, Holtville, California, 1937
Family of four to be returned to Oklahoma by the Relief Administration. "They won't go until they get so hungry that there's nothing else for them to do

Carrot pullers from Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Arkansas and Mexico in Coachella Valley, CA, 1937
Some of the carrot pickers in the Coachella Valley. There are one hundred people in this field coming from Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri and Mexico. California

Migratory workers "kitchen" near Shafter, Kern County, California, 1936. Creator: Dorothea Lange
Migratory workers "kitchen" near Shafter. Kern County, California. Squatters camp

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In the midst of the FSA emergency migratory labor camp in Calipatria, Imperial Valley, 1939, Dorothea Lange captures a poignant image of forced migrants. These individuals find themselves uprooted from their homes and livelihoods, seeking refuge in unfamiliar territories. Lange's lens then transports us to one of the forty potato camps in an open field in Malin, Klamath County, Oregon. Here we witness families huddled together on flat ground before the season opens; their faces etched with hope and uncertainty. They patiently wait for opportunities that lie ahead. As we delve deeper into Lange's collection, another photograph reveals families camped near Merrill, Klamath County, Oregon. Their temporary dwellings serve as a testament to their resilience amidst adversity. The vastness of the open field mirrors both their isolation and determination. Moving forward through time and space within Lange's work brings us to farm boys from western Nebraska who have become migrating farm workers in Merrill, Oregon. Their journey reflects a desperate search for stability and survival as they navigate new landscapes far from home. Amongst these stories emerges an image capturing a migratory family who has come to the Klamath Basin for the potato harvest. In this moment captured by Lange's lens lies both hardship and hope intertwined - dreams of prosperity mingling with fears of displacement. The transformation is evident when we encounter former Nebraska farmers turned migrant farm workers in Merrill, Klamath County - once rooted deeply within fertile lands now finding solace amidst uncertainty elsewhere. Lange also documents one of the forty potato camps entering town; it serves as a stark reminder that these they are not just transient figures but integral parts of communities they pass through on their arduous journeys towards survival. Within this narrative unfolds moments like when managers at mobile units (FSA) opened day camps or when pickers' tents stood side by side with power units and shower baths in FSA camps.