Eugene Caustier Gallery

Gaping Gill Cave, artwork
Gaping Gill Cave, historical artwork. Visitor (lower centre) viewing a large waterfall in the Gaping Gill Cave in North Yorkshire, UK (also called Gaping Ghyll)

Padirac Cave, artwork
Padirac Cave, historical artwork. This limestone cave, accessed via the 36-metre staircase at right, is located near Gramat, in the Lot region of France

Smelter and refinery, artwork
Smelter and refinery, historical artwork. Smelting is the process of removing pure metal from its ore by heating the oxidized ore in the presence of a reducing agent and a fluxing agent

Ravaccione marble quarry, artwork
Ravaccione marble quarry, historical artwork. This quarry is in the Ravaccione quarrying valley near Carrara, Tuscany, Italy

Feudal mine, 15th century
Feudal mine. 15th-century artwork of quarrels and disputes among the workers at a mine in the Harz mountains of what is now Germany

Diamond mine panning, artwork
Diamond mine panning, historical artwork. Workers at a diamond mine sorting through excavated gravel and soil to find diamonds

Famous diamonds, artwork
Famous diamonds, historical artwork. Eleven named diamonds arrayed together with four unnamed examples of ordinary diamonds

Kimberley diamond mine, artwork
Kimberley diamond mine, historical artwork. Screening facility to filter diamonds from the excavated rocks and soil at the Kimberley diamond mine in what is now South Africa

Tinsmiths, artwork
Tinsmiths, historical artwork. Tin is one of the earliest metals used by man and is a relatively scarce element. It is malleable and ductile, allowing it to be worked by hand and tools

Goldsmith, artwork
Goldsmith, historical artwork. Molten metal heated over a fire in a crucible is being poured into a container by a goldsmith using long-handled tongs

Workers excavating peat, artwork
Workers excavating peat, historical artwork. Peat, a solid fuel dug from the ground, is formed from compacted ancient organic matter, including plants such as Sphagnum (peat moss) and Carex (sedges)

Brass wire production, artwork
Brass wire production, historical artwork. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. It is malleable and relatively easily shaped into the wire form being produced here

Coppersmiths, artwork
Coppersmiths, historical artwork. Copper is a relatively soft metal, which means it can be worked and hammered into shape without heating

Oil well fires, Caucasus, artwork
Oil well fires, Caucasus, historical artwork. These oil wells are at Bibi-Eybat in the Caucasus region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea

Workers drying peat, artwork
Workers drying peat, historical artwork. Peat, a solid fuel dug from the ground, is formed from compacted ancient organic matter, including plants such as Sphagnum (peat moss) and Carex (sedges)

Ludvig Nobel, Swedish industrialist
Ludvig Immanuel Nobel (1831-1888), Swedish industrialist. Nobel, with his brother Robert, operated extensive oil interests in Baku in what is now Azerbaijan

Underground oil deposit, artwork
Underground oil deposit, historical artwork. Shafts have been sunk from the surface to extract (from left to right): water, oil and natural gas. The labels are in French

Coal production in 1900, artwork
Coal production in 1900. Historical artwork of a block (left) measuring 900 metres on each side (729 million cubic metres) compared in size to the Eiffel Tower (lower right) in Paris, France

Female mine worker, artwork
Female mine worker, historical artwork. Although men usually carried out the actual excavation of ores and coal, women and children often performed labour-intensive roles such as moving the excavated

Pneumatic mining drills, artwork
Pneumatic mining drills. Historical artwork of miners in a copper mine in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, UK, using pneumatic drills to extract copper ore

Miner with foot-drawn cart, artwork
Miner with foot-drawn cart, historical artwork. This miner is in a copper mine in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, UK. Along the sides of the tunnel are air hoses supplying compressed air to pneumatic

Carboniferous swamp, artwork
Carboniferous swamp, historical artwork. These swampy forests existed during the Carboniferous Period (360 to 286 million years ago)

Blasting trigger mechanism, artwork
Blasting trigger mechanism, historical artwork. The cutaway section shows the internal mechanism that is triggered by the plunger used to set off an explosion

Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist
Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896), Swedish chemist and inventor. Working for his father, Nobel studied explosives like nitroglycerin, and discovered ways to make them safer to use

Mount Etna observatory, artwork
Mount Etna observatory, historical artwork. The construction of this observatory, at 2941 metres on the slopes of the volcano Mount Etna, Sicily, Italy, began in 1879

Plaster cast of dog from Pompeii, artwork
Plaster cast of dog from Pompeii, historical artwork. The Roman city of Pompeii, located in the Bay of Naples, Italy, was ruined

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