Echinoderm Collection

Sea cucumber (Thelenota sp.) spawning. Microscopic sex cells (gametes) are being released to allow fertilisation (the fusing of a male and a female sex cell)

Male Leach's sea star (Leiaster leachi) broadcast spawning, releasing streams of sperm from its arms. Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan

Crinoid Fossil - "Sea Lilies" Triassic period 240 m. y. a. Northern Germany
KEL-1499 Crinoid Fossil - "Sea Lilies" Triassic period 240 m.y.a. Northern Germany Ken Lucas Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only

Extinct marine reptiles
Sheet 1 of a series of posters called Extinct Animals by Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins c. 1862. This collection of marine reptiles lived during the Jurassic period between 200

Starfish on a beach
Starfish washed up on a pebble beach. Starfish, also known as sea stars, are a type of marine invertebrate. They have typical radial symmetry, with five arms branching off a central region

St. Cuthberts Beads - rosary made from crinoid columnals
Unidentified crinoid columnals used as beads for jewellery. Specimens from the Carboniferous Yoredale Shales, Ribblehead, Yorkshire

Pentrimites robustus, blastoid
Side view of a specimen from the Carboniferous (Mississipian), Illinois, USA - length 4 cm. Blastoids are extinct marine invertabrates belonging to the Phylum Echinodermata

Tylocidaris clavigera, sea urchin
A fossil echinoid (Tylocidaris clavigera) from the Cretaceous rocks of Gravesend, England

Anal sack of a double spined urchin (Echinothrix calamaris). Photographed in Manokwari, West Papua in Indonesia, Asia

Common Starfish - Oxwich Bay Gower South Wales UK
MAB-1225 Common Starfish Oxwich Bay Gower South Wales UK Asterias rubens Mark Boulton Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in any way

Ochre & Purple Sea Stars / Starfish - in tidal zone Strawberry Hill State Park, Oregon coast, Pacific Ocean, USA LX425
TOM-1036 Ochre & Purple Sea Stars / Starfish - in tidal zone Strawberry Hill State Park, Oregon coast, Pacific Ocean, USA Pisaster ochraceous Tom & Pat Leeson Please note that prints are for personal

Bat Sea Star Monterey Bay California, USA
KEL-211 Bat Sea Star - group Monterey Bay California, USA Asterina miniata Ken Lucas Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in any way

Temnocidaris sceptrifera, fossil echinoid
Temnocidaris (Stereocidaris) sceptrifera, 5.5 cm in diameter, from the Cretaceous Chalk of Hertfordshire, England, apical view

Crinoids
Criniods lived during the Lower Jurassic period. Their modern equivalents include echinoderms such as seaurchins, starfish and sea cucumbers

Crinoid or feather star (Antedon mediterranea) on Violescent sea whip or Red sea fan (Paramuricea clavata) Punta Campanella Marine Protected Area, Amalfi Coast, Italy, Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean

Mouth of Common Sea Urchin (Echinus esculentus) Guillaumesse, Sark, British Channel Islands

Sea apple, eating, using arm to transfer food into mouth. Ninepin Group or Kwo Chau Islands, Sai Kung District of Hong Kong, China

Necklace seastar (Fromia monilis) on Sea cucumber (Bohadaschia argus) Yap, Micronesia

Pearlfish (Carapus acus) in anus of Sea cucumber (Stichopus regalis). These species have a commensal relationship, with the fish living in the gut of the sea cucumber. Catalonia, Spain

Happy Eddy (Haploblepharus edwardsii) amongst Cape sea urchin (Parechinus angulosus) and starfish. False Bay, Western Cape, South Africa. June

Slate pencil sea urchins (Heterocentrotus mammillatus) on coral reef with Pyramid butterflyfish (Hemitaurichthys polylepis), Hawaii

Purple and Ochre sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus) preying on Pacific blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus). Also seen are Green Surf Anemones (Anthopleura xanthogrammica)

Red starfish (Echinaster sepositus) group on sea floor, Tenerife, Canary Islands

Blue starfish (Coscinasterias tenuispina) close up of arm with tube feet, Tenerife, Canary Islands

Atlantic feather star (Antedon bifida) Tenerife, Canary Islands

Panamic Cushion Sea Star (Pentaceraster cumingi) and a school of Yellow-tailed Grunt (Anisotremus interruptus), Galapagos Island, Ecuador. December

Slate pencil sea urchins (Heterocentrotus mammillatus) in Hawaiian reef scene with Black triggerfish (Melichthys niger) Hawaii

Purple sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis), three of different colours. Tenerife, Canary Islands

Kaleidoscopic image of crinoids or feather stars. Indonesia

Brooks urchin shrimp (Allopontonia brooki), commensal among the venomous spines of Variable sea urchin (Asthenosoma varium). On sea floor, Komodo, Indonesia

Commensal emperor shrimp (Periclimenes imperator) moves across the colourful red patterned surface of its host Candycane sea cucumber (Thelenota rubralineata)

Horse mussel (Modiolus modiolus) bed with Brittlestars (Ophiothrix fragilis) and Edible crab (Cancer pagurus), Shetland, Scotland, UK, September

Sea cucumber / Sea apple (Pseudocolochirus violaceus) Rinca, Komodo National Park, Indonesia

Sea apple (Pseudocolochirus violaceus) Komodo National Park, Indonesia

Blue starfish (Linckia laevigata) Malaysia

Crinoid (Crinoidea) on artificial reef. Mabul, Malaysia

Chocolate chip sea star o (Protoreaster nodosus) on sandy bottom. Mabul, Malaysia

Kaleidoscopic image of Feather stars (Crinoidea) and Gorgonian wrapper anemone.(Nemanthus annamensis). Indonesia. Western Pacific

High magnification photo of the spines of a Common starfish (Asterias rubens). Gulen, Bergen, Norway. North Sea, North East Atlantic Ocean

Sea cucumber (Bohadschia argus) which has ejected a part of its internal organs called Cuvierian tubules. These significantly sticky strings are a defense mechanism designed to deter predators

Pearlfish (Carapus acus) outside of host Sea cucumber (Stichopus regalis) at night. These species have a commensal relationship, with the fish living in the gut of the sea cucumber. Catalonia, Spain

1, above, angle, animal, animals, anthozoa, aquatic, asteroidea, blue, bodies, body
Granulated sea star (Choriaster granulatus), Palau, Micronesia, Pacific

Purple sea star or ochre sea star (Pisaster ochraceus), seaweed. molluscs and barcacles along the shore of the Pacific Ocean. Pacific Rim National Park, British Columbia, Canada

Sunflowers starfish on snady beach. Long Beach. Pacific Rim National Park, British Columbia, Canada

Close-up of a Brittle Star (Ophiura ophiura) stranded on the beach at low tide, Noord-Holland, the Netherlands

Tanzania, Zanzibar, Unguja, Pongwe. A starfish revealed at low tide

Cushion star (Culcita novaeguineae), detail, Triton Bay, West Papua, Indonesia, Pacific Ocean

Eucidaris tribuloides, sea urchin
Dead sea urchin (Eucidaris tribuloides) showing spines attached to test. From Carrie Bow Cay, Belize

Deep red Feather star shrimp (Hippolyte prideauxiana) crawling secretly amongst the arms of a Feather star (Antedon bifida), Loch Duich, Highands, Scotland, UK

Pair of Coleman shrimps (Periclimenes colemani) living in a fire urchin (Asthenosoma varium). The female is the larger shrimp

Panamic cushion sea star (Pentaceraster cumingi) detail. Huatulco Bays National Park, Oaxaca state, Mexico, Pacific Ocean. November

Sea star (Odontaster validus) on Ribbon kelp (Durvillaea antarctica), Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Horned sea star / Chocolate chip sea star (Protoreaster nodosus) on the rocky seabed, Isabela Island, Galapagos Islands, Pacific Ocean

Raccoon butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula), endemic Saddle wrasse (Thalassoma duperrey) and Sea urchin (Diadema sp)
Raccoon butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula), endemic Saddle wrasse (Thalassoma duperrey) and Sea urchin (Diadema sp.) on reef, Lanai, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean

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Vermilion star, Mediaster aequalis, Sechelt, Sunshine Coast, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Gull feeding on purple sea stars, Stanley Park, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Purple sea star, Pisaster ochraceus, Stanley Park, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Purple sea stars, Pisaster ochraceus, Stanley Park, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Purple sea star, Asterias ochracea, and Lions Gate Bridge, Stanley Park, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Glaucous-winged gull, Larus glaucescens, eating purple sea star, Asterias ochracea, Stanley Park, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Purple sea stars, Asterias ochracea, Long Beach, Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, Tofino, Vancouver Island, British Columbia Date: 06/09/2007

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Indonesia, Papua, Cenderawasih Bay. Close-up of sea cucumber. Date: 29/10/2009

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Indonesia, Papua, Cenderawasih Bay. Anemone on sea cucumber. Date: 29/10/2009

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Indonesia, Lembeh Strait. Two colorful shrimp and sea urchin. Date: 29/10/2009

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Indonesia, Raja Ampat. Partial view of colorful sea star over a sea cucumber. Date: 19/05/2006

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Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Sulawesi Island, Lembeh Straits. Zebra crabs live in association with various sea urchins. Date: 11/02/2005

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Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Lembeh Straits. Close-up of a banggai cardinalfish near sea urchin. Date: 11/02/2005

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Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Sulawesi Island, Lembeh Straits. Detail of a pentagon sea star. Date: 11/02/2005

Close up of the tube feet of a Purple velvet seastar (Leiaster leachi), extending from the protective crevice in one of its arms, Maui, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean

Suensons brittle star (Ophiothrix suensonii) on Azure vase sponge (Callyspongia plicifera), St. Vincent, Caribbean

Starfish or sea star, Asterias rubens
6337590 Starfish or sea star, Asterias rubens by Corsi (19th century); (add.info.: Starfish or sea star, Asterias rubens. Stella di mare)

Brittle star echinoderm, Ophiomastix annulosa, Ophiura annulosa
6337570 Brittle star echinoderm, Ophiomastix annulosa, Ophiura annulosa by Finocchi (19th century); (add.info.: Brittle star echinoderm, Ophiomastix annulosa, Ophiura annulosa. Ofiura annulosa)

Page 203. Echinus Marinus, Sea Urchin, 1810-17 (w / c & manuscript text)
5670083 Page 203. Echinus Marinus, Sea Urchin, 1810-17 (w/c & manuscript text) by Digby, Kenelm Henry (1800-80); 39.6x25.2x5.4 cm; Mitchell Library

Page 57. Sea urchins 2 drawings, 1810-17 (w / c & manuscript text)
5670021 Page 57. Sea urchins 2 drawings, 1810-17 (w/c & manuscript text) by Digby, Kenelm Henry (1800-80); 39.6x25.2x5.4 cm; Mitchell Library

Honeycomb / Cushion starfish (Pentaceraster alveolatus) composite image on black background showing colour variations Malapascua Island, Philippines, Indo-Pacific species

Sea star (Asterias rubens) on kelp, Vevang, Norway, Atlantic Ocean

Close up look between the spines of a Slate pencil sea urchin (Heterocentrotus mammillatus), Hawaii, Pacific Ocean

Ten-lined urchin (Eucidaris metularia) nestled on a reef, close up, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean

Slate pencil sea urchin (Heterocentrotus mammillatus) on a reef with Black triggerfish (Melichthys niger) and a Bluestripe snapper (Lutjanus kasmira) swimming above, Maui, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean

Close up of three arms from a Feather star (Crinoidea), Triton Bay, West Papua, Indonesia, Pacific Ocean

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Brittle Star - River dive site, Tulamben, Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, Indian Ocean Brittle Star - River dive site, Tulamben, Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, Indian Ocean

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Camouflaged Commensal Shrimp - on Crinoid, Comatulida Order - night dive - Scuba Seraya House Reef dive site, Seraya, Kubu district, Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, Indian Ocean Date: 08-Nov-19

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Spiny Brittle Star - night dive - Scuba Seraya House Reef dive site, Seraya, Kubu district, Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, Indian Ocean Date: 06-Nov-19

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Sea Cucumber - Fantasea dive site, Misool, Raja Ampat, Indonesia Date: 24-Jul-19

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"Echinoderms: Fascinating Creatures of the Sea" Diving into the depths of the ocean, we encounter an extraordinary world filled with diverse marine life. Amongst them, echinoderms stand out as captivating creatures that never fail to amaze us. In Japan's Kagoshima Prefecture, a Male Leach's sea star steals the spotlight as it engages in broadcast spawning. With arms extended gracefully, it releases streams of sperm into the water, contributing to new life beneath the waves. This mesmerizing sight earned its well-deserved recognition as Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2022 - Underwater category winner. But let us not forget their ancient relatives who once roamed our oceans. Extinct marine reptiles ruled during a time long past, leaving behind remnants like crinoid fossils known as "Sea Lilies. " Discovered in Northern Germany from the Triassic period over 240 million years ago, these delicate fossils offer glimpses into Earth's prehistoric wonders. Moving forward to present-day marvels, we encounter sea cucumbers and starfish gracing sandy beaches worldwide. Their unique shapes and vibrant colors add charm to coastal landscapes while reminding us of nature's artistic touch. Delving deeper into history reveals St. Cuthberts Beads—a rosary crafted from crinoid columnals—an exquisite testament to human creativity intertwined with echinoderm beauty. Further exploration uncovers Pentrimites robustus and Tylocidaris clavigera—blastoids and sea urchins respectively—each showcasing intricate patterns etched by evolution itself. Venturing along rocky shores brings encounters with double spined urchins' anal sacks—a peculiar yet essential part of their anatomy that aids in maintaining balance within their watery habitat. As we journey across continents, common starfish grace Oxwich Bay in Gower South Wales UK while ochre & purple sea stars adorn Strawberry Hill State Park on the Oregon coast, Pacific Ocean, USA.