Die Karikatur Und Satire In Der Medizin Collection

Plague doctor, 17th century artwork
Plague doctor. 17th century artwork titled Doktor Schnabel von Rom (Beak Doctor from Rome). The text is in Latin. The costumes bronze mask contained aromatic herbs and reduced exposure to bad air

Barber-surgeons, satirical artwork
Barber-surgeons. Satirical artwork depicting barber-surgeons and their patients as monkeys. At bottom, the barber role is being performed, while at top the surgical and medical roles are shown

Animal magnetism, satirical artwork
Animal magnetism. Satirical artwork depicting a patient and animal magnetism practitioner with animal heads. Animal magnetism was developed by the German physician Franz Mesmer (1734-1815)

Dentistry, satirical artwork
Dentistry. Satirical artwork titled Without Effort, showing a dentist and his assistant removing a patients tooth in a public display area

Medical prescription, satirical artwork
Medical prescription. Satirical artwork titled Of Prescribing Foolishly, showing a patient in bed with a doctor in a fools hat (right) holding aloft a proposed treatment

Treating foot corns, satirical artwork

The Dance of Death, allegorical artwork
The Dance of Death (1493). This artwork, by the German painter Michael Wolgemut (1434-1519), was published in the Liber chronicarum (Book of Chronicles, Nuremburg)

Caricature of Roentgen and X-rays. The German experimental physicist Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen (1845-1923) had discovered X-rays in 1895. This artwork shows his skeleton revealed by the use of X-rays

Quack, satirical artwork
Quack. Satirical artwork depicting a quack from Germany. Quack is a derogatory term referring to medical practitioners who defraud patients by claiming to have skills or qualifications that they do

Cholera doctor, satirical artwork
Cholera doctor. Satirical artwork of a London doctor gaining wealth (money at lower left) during an 1835 cholera epidemic

Physician, satirical artwork
Physician. Historical satirical artwork of a physician. French text labels are on remedies emerging from the physicians mouth, and treatments on the table at lower left

Sheep shearing, satirical artwork. The title for this work refers to rich and poor and the shearing of sheep, saying that the sheep will be sheared according to its wool

Flea infestation, satirical artwork
Flea infestation. 17th century artwork depicting a group of women suffering from an infestation of fleas (small black dots)

Steam bath, satirical artwork
Steam bath. Satirical artwork showing a woman tending to a man who is enclosed in a steam bath container at a health resort

French doctor, satirical artwork
French doctor. Satirical artwork titled: A French Physician with his Retinue going to Visit His Patients. The doctor is being transported in a carriage at centre

The Eaters of the Dead, satirical artwork
The Eaters of the Dead. Satirical medieval artwork from a play titled Die Totenfresser (The Eaters of the Dead). This scene from the play depicts a bishop, monk, nuns, and others

Cholera prevention, satirical artwork
Cholera prevention. Satirical artwork portraying a womans efforts to protect herself during an outbreak of cholera. Cholera is a bacterial infection of the intestines that was often fatal before

Cramp of the foot, satirical artwork
Cramp of the foot. Satirical artwork showing a man suffering an attack of cramp in his right foot, the toes of which have contracted in a painful spasm

Women in medicine, satirical artwork
Women in medicine. Satirical artwork of a woman representing a doctor standing next to a statue named Esculape. This is a French name for Asclepius, the Roman and Greek god of medicine

Gout complications, satirical artwork
Gout complications. Satirical artwork titled: The Burden of Wealth. The overweight man being wheeled around in a chair is intended to illustrate the health problems associated with wealth

Perkins Tractors, satirical artwork
Perkins Tractors. Satirical artwork showing the use of Perkins Patent Tractors, two short metal rods drawing out an electrical fluid said to cause disorders

Medical purging, satirical artwork
Medical purging. Satirical artwork showing a physician (in robes) and his assistant purging patients. Follies and fantasies are purged in a cloud (upper right) using an oven to bake the head

Multiple births, satirical artwork
Multiple births. 16th century artwork showing multiple births of dogs (centre) and humans (right). Seven births are depicted, common for dogs but very rare for humans

Fever and ague, satirical artwork
Fever and ague. Satirical artwork of representations of fever (central monster) and ague (creature wrapped around patient at left)

London doctors, satirical artwork
The Company of Undertakers (1736), also known as Consultation of Quacks. This satirical artwork was designed and engraved by the English artist William Hogarth (1697-1764)

Nose doctor, satirical artwork
Nose doctor. Satirical artwork showing a man in a doctors robes with a nose of exaggerated length. The accompanying verse (not shown) explains that the large hat indicates intelligence

The Hypochondriac, satirical artwork
The Hypochondriac. Satirical artwork showing a female patient (centre) suffering from hypochondria, a mental condition where a patient over-reacts to physical symptoms that may be harmless

Medical consultation, satirical artwork
Medical consultation. Satirical artwork of a group of doctors carrying out a medical consultation. This artwork, by the French painter Louis-Leopold Boilly (1761-1845), dates from circa 1830

Medical vivisection, satirical artwork
Medical vivisection. Satirical artwork that reverses the role of humans and animals in vivisection. An audience of rats, rabbits

Phrenology, satirical artwork
Phrenology. Satirical artwork showing animal-headed researchers measuring human skulls, one of which is labelled. The belief that variations in skull shape can be measured to deduce brain

Influenza epidemic, satirical artwork
Influenza epidemic. Satirical artwork of the influenza epidemic of 1803, showing a group of British physicians presenting an address of thanks to a figure representing the disease

Lavaters physiognomy, 19th century
Lavaters physiognomy. This posthumously published study by the Swiss poet Johann Kaspar Lavater (1741-1801) gives 20 labelled features on a womans face, explained using physiognomy

Neurofibromatosis, 17th century artwork
Neurofibromatosis. 17th century artwork of a man with neck deformities (neurofibromas) due to neurofibromatosis. These tumours arise from the fibrous coverings of nerves

Stroke (apoplexy), satirical artwork
Stroke (apoplexy). Satirical artwork of a patient attended by his wife and physicians, following a sudden loss of consciousness, then known by the term apoplexy and most likely a stroke

Hydropathy, satirical artwork
Hydropathy. Satirical artwork showing a patient being doused in ice-cold water as part of a form of water cure. This was known historically as hydropathy, and is now known as hydrotherapy

Gout and the Spider, allegorical artwork
Gout and the Spider. Artwork illustrating the fable of Gout and the Spider, as told by the French poet and author Jean de La Fontaine (1621-1695)

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"Die Karikatur und Satire in der Medizin: Ein humorvoller Blick auf vergangene Heilkünste" In der Welt der Kunst haben sich Künstler seit Jahrhunderten über die medizinische Praxis lustig gemacht. Schon im 17. Jahrhundert tauchten Plague Doctors mit ihren unheimlichen Masken in satirischen Werken auf, die sowohl Furcht als auch Lachen hervorriefen. Barber-Chirurgen wurden ebenfalls zum Ziel von Spott und Hohn. In satirischen Darstellungen wurden ihre fragwürdigen Methoden zur Behandlung von Krankheiten wie Haarsträhnen oder Fußschwielen verspottet. Auch das Thema Tiermagnetismus blieb nicht verschont. In karikaturistischen Werken wurde diese pseudowissenschaftliche Praktik lächerlich gemacht, indem Tiere dazu gebracht wurden, Menschen zu heilen - ein wahrhaft absurder Gedanke. Selbst die Zahnmedizin entging nicht dem Spott der Künstler. Mit scharfer Ironie zeichneten sie Szenarien, in denen Patienten schmerzvolle Behandlungen ertragen mussten oder Zahnärzte als Quacksalber dargestellt wurden. Eine allegorische Darstellung des "Tanzes des Todes" verdeutlichte den unausweichlichen Tod und seine Allgegenwart im Leben eines jeden Menschen - eine düstere Erinnerung daran, dass selbst Ärzte machtlos sind gegenüber diesem letzten Feind. Nicht einmal berühmte Entdeckungen wie Röntgenstrahlen waren vor Karikaturen sicher.