Cranium Collection (page 2)

Occipital bone, outer surface (engraving)
3634213 Occipital bone, outer surface (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Occipital bone, outer surface)

Illustration for life of Jonathan Swift (engraving)
5989453 Illustration for life of Jonathan Swift (engraving) by Morten, Thomas (1836-66); Private Collection; (add.info.: Swifts head, taken after death; cast of the interior of the cranium of Swift)

Albinus II, Pl. II, Skull, illustration from Tabulae ossium humanorum
HMB306102 Albinus II, Pl. II, Skull, illustration from Tabulae ossium humanorum, by Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770), published by J.&H. Verbeek, bibliop

Anatomical Drawings of Two Skulls in Profile to the Left, c1480 (1945). Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Anatomical Drawings of Two Skulls in Profile to the Left, c1480 (1945). From The Drawings of Leonardo da Vinci. [Reynal & Hitchcock, New York, 1945]

Ancient Cimbrian, Esthonian Finn, Lappe, 1848. An engraving from the Natural History of Man, by James Cowles Prichard, (Hippolyte Bailliere, London, third edition, 1848)

Human and orang-utan skulls, 1848. Illustrations of the base of the skull. An engraving from the Natural History of Man, by James Cowles Prichard, (Hippolyte Bailliere, London, third edition, 1848)

Self-portrait, c1850-1867. Artist: Charles Pierre Baudelaire
Self-portrait, c1850-1867. From a private collection

Franz Joseph Gall, German physician and founder of Phrenology, c1790
Franz Joseph Gall, German physician and founder of Phrenology, c1820. Phrenology was a theory, propounded by Gall (1758-1828) in around 1800

Phrenology, 1820 (1886). Artist: Frank Dadd
Phrenology, 1820 (1886). Measuring the bumps on a boys head to assess his future. On the wall in the background is a portrait of of Franz Josef Gall (1757-1828)

Phrenology chart, showing presumed areas of activity of the brain, c1920. Phrenology was a theory, propounded by the German physician Franz Joseph Gall in around 1800

Skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus daswoni), 1912. This supposed fossil was discovered near Lewes, Sussex, in 1912 by Charles Dawson, a local solicitor and amateur archaeologist

Model of the skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus dawsoni), 1914. Artist: Dr Smith Woodward
Model of the skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus dawsoni), 1914. Model as reconstructed by Dr Smith Woodward. Dark areas are from the original fossil, the light are the restored areas

Java Man or Pithecanthropus erectus (Homo Erectus erectus). Early human fossills discovered on island Java (Indonesia). Paleolithic

Medicine. Study of anatomy by Leonardo Da Vinci. 15th centur
Study of anatomy by Leonardo Da Vinci. 15th century. Skeletal structure. National Museum of Science and Technology Leonardo da Vinci. Milan. Italy

Lateral cross section through the skull showing the brain with intermediate layers (meninges) highlighted

Anatomy of human skull, rear view

Female body with bone skeleton and internal organs superimposed
Anatomy of female body with bone skeleton and all internal organs superimposed

Male human head with skull in ghost effect, side view. on white background

Anterior view of human skull, with labels

Base of human skull, inferior view, with labels

Rear view of human skeletal system showing upper back

Anatomy of human skull, cutaway view with half brain showing, front view

X-ray view of a naked woman walking, with skeletal bones superimposed

Male skeleton with internal organs on blue background

Male human skeleton in dynamic posture, front view

Anatomy of male human skeleton, front view and back view

3D rendering of a naked woman walking, with skeletal bones superimposed

Front view of human skeleton in fighting stance, isolated on white background

Front view of a human skeleton posing, isolated on white background

Colored base of human skull, inferior view, with labels

Hunting trophy, 14-point-antlers, mounted red deer antlers on a wooden wall

Normal skull and brain, 3D CT scan C016 / 6333
Normal skull and brain. Coloured 3D computed tomography (CT) scan of the head of a 35 year old patient. Part of the skull has been cut-away to show the brain (purple and red)

Normal head and neck, MRI and 3D CT scans C016 / 6337
Normal head. Coloured composite image of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain and a 3D computed tomography (CT) scan of the head and neck of a 35 year old patient

Homo heidelbergensis skull (Cranium 5) C015 / 6921
Homo heidelbergensis skull (Cranium 5). Excavated in 1992 from the Sima de los Huesos pit in the Atapuerca foothills in Spain, this fossil skull dates from around 400, 000 years ago

Homo erectus cranium casts Peking Man & OH9
Left: This skull is a reconstruction based upon evidence discovered at locality 1, Zhoukoudian Cave which date back 500, 000 years

Homo erectus (or Homo ergaster), Turkana boy (KNM-WT 15000)
A replica of the fossil cranium (with reconstruction) that once belonged to a male Homo erectus aged 9 to 12 years old when he died

Homo erectus, Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17)

Big cat skull. Side (lateral) view of the skull of a big cat with its jaws wide open. The big cats, which include tigers and lions

Bones Of The Head. After A 19Th Century Print

The Human Skull. From The Household Physician, Published Circa 1890

Upper part of human skeleton, skull, spinal column, ribcage, shoulders, collar bones, upper arms and pelvis, front view

Skull in profile to right, 1645. Creator: Wenceslaus Hollar
Skull in profile to right, 1645

Sectioned skull in profile to left with the left side of the cranium removed, 1651

Sarmatians. Deformed human skulls. Probably dated in the 3rd
Sarmatians. Two deformed human skulls. Probably dated in the 3rd century BC. Kerch Historical and Archaeological Museum. Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Ukraine

Homo heidelbergensis. Skull number 5. Atapuerca, Spain
Homo heidelbergensis. Skull number 5. Discovered in the Pit of Bones Site of Atapuerca (Spain). European Middle Pleistocene. Atapuerca. Spain

Homo neanderthalensis and Homo heildebergensis
Left: Cranium of Neanderthal man discovered at Forbes quarry Gibraltar in 1848. Right: Cranium of Broken Hill, or Rhodesian man (H. heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia in 1921

Broken Hill skull, Homo heidelbergensis, discovered in Africa in 1921. The skull belonged to an adult male and may be 200, 000 to 300, 000 years old

Human upper body showing bones, muscles and circulatory system

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"Cranium: Unveiling the Mysteries of the Human Skull and Beyond" Delving into the depths of human anatomy, Leonardo da Vinci's intricate sketches of skull anatomy offer a glimpse into his fascination with unraveling the secrets held within our craniums. From his detailed drawings to modern-day advancements, we continue to explore this enigmatic structure. Hominid crania provide us with a window into our evolutionary past, showcasing how our ancestors' skulls have evolved over time. With full-body scans and MRI technology, scientists can now peer inside these ancient relics, uncovering clues about their lifestyles and adaptations. In a satirical twist on phrenology - an outdated pseudoscience that claimed personality traits could be determined by skull shape - we find humor in our quest for understanding. Yet amidst the satire lies an appreciation for how far we've come in deciphering the complexities of cranial morphology. The Paranthropus boisei (Zinjanthropus) cranium (OH5) takes us back millions of years, offering insights into early hominids' robust features. Meanwhile, X-ray images reveal intricate details of both human and animal skulls – from horses to primates – highlighting similarities and differences across species. One cannot ignore Sahelanthropus tchadensis; its fossilized skull provides a crucial link between apes and humans. This remarkable discovery challenges previous notions about our origins while fueling further exploration into humanity's beginnings. But it is not just scientific curiosity that draws attention to the cranium; it also holds significance in everyday life. Headaches become tangible through X-ray artwork, capturing both pain and beauty simultaneously. The human skull itself serves as a reminder of mortality but also showcases resilience throughout history. Finally, Homo erectus' Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17) cast allows us to step back in time once more – witnessing glimpses of ancient lives and pondering the mysteries that still surround our own existence.