Constellation Gallery

Orion nebula

Orion nebula. Coloured composite infrared and visible light image of the Orion nebula M42. This emission nebula, a cloud of gas and dust in which starbirth takes place, is found in the constellation Orion, some 1500 light years from Earth. Glowing clouds of ionised hydrogen and sulphur gases are green, and cool clouds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are orange and red. The gases are ionised by radiation from the four young Trapezium stars at the core (centre left). The small orange dots are embryonic stars, growing as they accumulate dust and gas. M42's neighbour, the M43 nebula, can also be seen (pale blue, top left). Infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope, visible light data from the Hubble Space Telescope

© NASA/JPL-CALTECH/STSCI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Durers Celestial Globe, 1515

Durer's Celestial Globe, 1515. This shows the northern hemisphere, and was prepared in conjunction with the astronomer Stabius. Four astronomers are shown in the corners: Aratus Cilis; Ptolomaeus Aegyptius; Maniliusromanus; and Azophi Arabus (al Sufi). Albrecht Durer (1471- 1528) produced the first printed star charts in 1515. One chart, or planisphere, showed all the northern constellations; the other depicted the southern hemisphere. The positions of the stars were exactly fixed (according to Ptolemey's catalogue) and the figures were artistically portrayed, in a classical style. Durer also chose to illustrate the constellations that would appear on a globe as if seen from space. Taken from The Complete Woodcuts of Albrecht Durer by Dr Willi Kurth (1936)

© SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Cygnus and Lyra constellations

Cygnus and Lyra constellations. Illustrated card from a 19th century astronomical teaching aid called Urania's Mirror, after the Greek muse of astronomy. There are 32 cards in total. The cards are pierced with holes corresponding to the brightest stars so the pattern of the constellations can be seen when held up to the light. The cards were published in London, England, and it is thought they date from around 1825. This card shows the constellations Lacerta (the lizard), Cygnus (the swan), Lyra (the lyre, a musical instrument), Vulpecula (the little fox), and Anser (the goose; obsolete). For all 32 cards, see V700/172-203

© ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY