Coniferae Gallery

Coniferae, also known as conifers, are a group of cone-bearing seed plants that includes over 600 species

Scottish Pine Forest poster with captions by Barbara Nicholson made for a printed wallchart. Signed B.EN, wallchart EB13, printed by Westerham Press, England

Pinus strobus L. Weymouth or white pine

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees reflected in Loch Maree at sunrise with Slioch in background, Wester Ross, Scotland, UK, November 2014

Juniperus communis, juniper
Plate 53 from Botanicum Medicinale (1759) by Timothy Sheldrake. Held in the Botany Library at the Natural History Museum, London

Larch Fir
Plate 14 from The Shape, Skeleton and Foliage of Thirty Two Species of Trees, 1786 by A. Cozens. The series was originally issued in 1771

Bombycilla cedrorum, cedar waxwing
Plate 43 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Cedar (Cedrus sp), male catkins releasing pollen. Surrey England, UK

Track through fir forest in autumn, Vosges mountain, France, October

Western red cedar tree (Thuja plicata) detail of bark, The Big Tree Trail, Meares Island, Clayoquot Sound, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada

Yew berry (Taxus baccata), Nottinghamshire, UK. October

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees reflected in Loch Maree at dawn with Slioch in background, Wester Ross, Scotland, UK, November 2014

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) with Northern lights / Aurora borealis lighting up the night sky in background, Monadhliath Mountains, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK, October 2015

Pinus sylvestris, scotch fir
Plate 15 from The Shape, Skeleton and Foliage of Thirty two species of Trees, 1786 by A. Cozens. Originally issued in 1771

Tringa ochropus, green sandpiper
Plate 56 from John Goulds The Birds of Great Britain, Vol. 4 (1873). Hand coloured lithograph

Loxia pytyopsittacus, parrot crossbill
Plate 46 from John Goulds The Birds of Great Britain, Vol. 3 (1873). Hand coloured lithograph

Pinus wallichiana, pine tree
Plate 848 from the John Reeves Collection of Botanical Drawings from Canton, China. Held in the Botany Library at the Natural History Museum, London

Parus bicolor, tufted titmouse
Plate 39 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Pinus sylvestris, scots pine
Illustration of scots pine foliage a cones from the Illustration from the Botany Library Plate Collection held at the Natural History Museum, London

Bombycilla cedrorum, cedar waxwing
Plate 21 from John Goulds The Birds of Great Britain, Vol. 2 (1873). Hand coloured lithograph

Small fleck-winged snipefly (Rhagio lineola) sitting in typical posture on old pine (Pinus sp) log. Buckinghamshire, England, UK. July. Focus Stacked.

Misty Pine (Pinus) forest. Milpa Alta forest, outskirts of Mexico City, Mexico. June

Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) in Douglas-fir forest (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Oregon, USA, June

Hybrid Poplar tree plantation in autumn (Populs sp.). Boardman Tree Farm, near Irrigon, Oregon, USA. October

Ancient Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) amongst flowering Common heather / Ling (Calluna vulgaris). Rothiemurchus Forest, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK

Norfolk Island pine trees (Araucaria heterophylla) near lagoon with Mount Lidgbird and Mount Gower in the background, Lord Howe island, Lord Howe Island Group UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site

The Senate Group of Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) trees on the Congress Trail in Sequoia National Park, California, USA

Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) trees in Sequoia National Park, California, USA, September 2014

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest with Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) ground flora in autumn, Glenfeshie, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK, October

Lodgepole pine cones (Pinus contorta), Teton County, Wyoming, USA. May

Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) trees in Sequoia National Park, California, USA, September 2014

Trunks of giant sequoia trees (Sequoiadendron giganteum) Sequoia National Park, California, USA, November 2012

Small island with a pine tree in the first rays of sunlight on a misty morning, Oisterwijkse Bossen en Vennen Reserve, Oisterwijk, The Netherlands, January

Track / path running through snow covered Larch (Larix sp) forest in winter, Vosges, France, December

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and regenerating trees, Abernethy Forest, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK. September

Guadalupe cypress (Cupressus guadalupensis), IUCN Redlist Endangered, Guadalupe Island Biosphere Reserve, off the coast of Baja California, Mexico, April

Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) tree in forest at night, view towards canopy and sky. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, USA. October 2013

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) landing at its nest in a Bald cypress tree (Taxodium distichum) draped with epiphytic Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides). Blue Cypress Lake, Florida, USA. April

Natural basin in Oro Bay with the New Caledonia pines (Araucaria columnaris) that gave the name to the island, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean

Moss-covered Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) and sword fern (Polystichum munitum) in the Hoh Rain Forest, Olympic National Park, Washington, USA, June

Pine trees in their landscape emerging from the clouds and mist, Ballons des Vosges Regional Natural Park, Vosges, France, October

Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) on a mountain side in autumn with European larch tree (Larix decidua) trees in the back the Alps, Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy. November

Pine tree (Pinus sp) in winter, Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, USA, January

Strangler fig (Ficus sp) growing over Hoop Pine tree(Araucaria cunninghamii) with branches knotting round each other, Morans Falls Track, Green Mountains

Conifer trees in mist at Alpe de Lerosa, Dolomite Mountains, Belluno Province, Veneto, Italy, September 2015

Scots pine tree (Pinus sylvestris) at dawn, Klein Schietveld, Brasschaat, Belgium, October 2013

American red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) collecting, Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cones, Montana, USA

Star trails above Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) woodland, Glenfeshie, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK, March 2017

Wet tree bark of Scots pine tree (Pinus sylvestris) Cairngorms National Park, Highlands, Scotland, UK, November

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Coniferae, also known as conifers, are a group of cone-bearing seed plants that includes over 600 species, and are found in many parts of the world and are especially common in temperate and boreal regions. Conifers have needle-like leaves and produce cones for reproduction. These trees can be evergreen or deciduous, depending on the species. Most conifers are tall trees with thick trunks and branches that provide protection from wind and cold temperatures. They typically grow slowly but can live for hundreds of years if left undisturbed. The wood from coniferous trees is used to make furniture, paper products, construction materials, fuelwood, charcoal, and many other products. They have adapted to survive in harsh climates by producing resins which help them retain moisture during dry periods; these resins also protect them against pests such as bark beetles. Many species also produce oils which act as natural insect repellents or fungicides to protect their foliage from disease or damage caused by fungi or bacteria. The most common types of conifers include pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea), fir (Abies), larch (Larix) hemlock (Tsuga) cedar (Cedrus) cypresses (Cupressaceae) junipers (Juniperus), yews (Taxus).