Catalysis Collection

Wilhelm Ostwald, German physical chemist C016 / 8861
Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1933), German physical chemist. Ostwald is considered one of the founders of modern physical chemistry. He was instrumental in identifying the proper action of catalysts

Raman laser spectroscopy C016 / 3827
Raman laser spectroscopy. Researcher observing laser beams and microscope objectives. This LabRAM HR Raman laser spectrometer is being used to obtain phase

Sulphuric acid production. Schematic diagram of the Contact Process to make sulphuric acid from sulphur. Sulphur (yellow) enters a roasting tower on a conveyor belt (far left)

Illustration of catalysis with reactants approaching surface with one of the reactants being a diatomic molecule

Hammerhead ribozyme molecule F006 / 9492
Hammerhead ribozyme, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions

Hammerhead ribozyme molecule F006 / 9422
Hammerhead ribozyme, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions

Lumazine synthase molecule F006 / 9291
Lumazine synthase molecule. Molecular model showing the structure of a lumazine synthase enzyme molecule from a Brucella abortus bacterium

Methane monooxygenase enzyme, molecular model. This is the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) form of this metalloenzyme, an integral membrane protein that contains copper and zinc

Ribosomal RNA-binding protein molecule. Computer model showing the structure of a ribosomal protein L9 (RPL9) molecule from Bacillus stearothermophilus bacteria

Lumazine synthase molecule. Computer model showing the structure of a lumazine synthase enzyme molecule from a Brucella abortus bacterium

Poly(A)-binding protein and RNA complex. Computer model showing the structure of a poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) molecule bound to the poly(A)

Peroxiredoxin 4 antioxidant enzyme C015 / 7022
Peroxiredoxin 4 antioxidant enzyme, molecular model. This enzyme, also called peroxiredoxin IV (PrxIV), plays a catalytic role in cell metabolism on the endoplasmic reticulum

Raman laser spectroscopy C016 / 3826
Raman laser spectroscopy. Close-up of a display screen, laser beams, and microscope objectives. This LabRAM HR Raman laser spectrometer is being used to obtain phase

Ribozyme enzyme and RNA C016 / 2829
Ribozyme enzyme and RNA, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions

Ribozyme enzyme and RNA C016 / 2828
Ribozyme enzyme and RNA, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions

Fluid catalytic cracker at an oil refiner C016 / 2765
Oil. Towers of a fluid catalytic cracking plant at an oil refinery. Catalytic cracking is the process by which crude oil is refined into components of different mass, or fractions

Enzyme catalysing DNA recombination C013 / 7915
Enzyme catalysing DNA recombination. Computer model showing the molecular structure of the enzyme CRE (cyclization recombination) recombinase (orange and blue)

Oil refining process. Schematic diagram of how oil is refined from the crude state to the finished products. The process depends on breaking down the oil in a process named catalytic cracking

Ammonia production. Schematic diagram of the Haber Process to make ammonia (NH3) from nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gas

Zeolite crystals, polarised LM
Zeolite crystals, polarised light micrograph. Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates that have a micro-porous structure. They are used as catalysts in the chemical industry

Systems biology, flow chart
Systems biology. Flow chart showing various biology disciplines and how they are used in modelling living organisms. An organism (top) is studied and information obtained on its genes

DNA transcription control. Computer model showing a molecule of the FP50 homodimer (green) from NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells)

Viral DNA polymerase in complex with DNA. Computer model showing the active site of a phi29 DNA polymerase molecule (grey ribbons) in complex with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yellow)

RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC). Computer model showing the molecular structure of a bacterial argonaute protein (red) bound to a small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule (green and purple)

DNA polymerase, molecular model
DNA polymerase. Computer model showing the structure of a DNA polymerase molecule (green). DNA polymerase is an enzyme that aids DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Hammerhead ribozyme molecule
Hammerhead ribozyme, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions

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"Catalysis: Unleashing the Power of Chemical Transformations" Catalysis, a concept pioneered by Wilhelm Ostwald, the German physical chemist, has revolutionized the field of chemistry. Through his groundbreaking work, Ostwald laid the foundation for understanding and harnessing catalytic processes that drive numerous chemical reactions. One such technique is Raman laser spectroscopy, which allows scientists to analyze molecular vibrations and gain insights into catalytic mechanisms at an atomic level. This powerful tool enables us to unravel the intricate dance between reactants and catalysts. Imagine a scenario where reactants approach a surface; one of them being a diatomic molecule. In this illustration of catalysis, we witness how catalysts facilitate chemical transformations by providing an ideal environment for reactions to occur efficiently. Nature itself showcases remarkable examples in action. The hammerhead ribozyme molecule (F006 / 9492) and lumazine synthase molecule (F006 / 9291) exemplify enzymes that accelerate vital biochemical processes within living organisms. RNA-induced silencing complex plays a crucial role in gene regulation by selectively degrading specific messenger RNA molecules. This fascinating mechanism highlights how catalytic systems can fine-tune biological functions with precision. Transposase enzyme-DNA complexes demonstrate another facet - genetic rearrangement. These enzymes enable DNA segments to move from one location to another within genomes, influencing evolution and genetic diversity. Methane monooxygenase enzyme stands as nature's solution for converting methane gas into more useful compounds. By activating inert carbon-hydrogen bonds through oxidation, this enzyme showcases the immense potential of biocatalysts in addressing environmental challenges like greenhouse gas emissions.