1500s Collection (page 25)

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Ruins of Tuonyi, an Ancient Puebloan / Anasazi village in Frijoles Canyon, Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico. Digital photograph

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Native Americans using fishbone hoes to plant maize and beans, Florida, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a DeBry engraving of a LeMoyne illustration

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Tomb of embalmed Cherokee chiefs, their flesh and bones dried and preserved, North Carolina, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a John White illustration

Native American woman of the Virginia coast
One of the wives of Wyngyno, a Native American chief, Raleighs Colony, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 16th-century John White drawing

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" The flyer" - a Native American shaman in Raleighs Colony, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a John White illustration

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The way the Indians fished, using spears and dugout canoes, Virginia Colony, 1500s Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a John White illustration

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Leonardo da Vincis backward handwriting on his design for a lamp using a globe filled with water. 19th-century woodcut reproduction with a watercolor wash

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William Shakespeare. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of the First Folio portrait

DeSotos route in Louisiana
Western part of De Sotos route, from Desisles map published in 1707. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of an 18th-century illustration

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Dauphin Map by Pierre Desceliers made for Prince Henry (who became Henri II) by order of the French King Francis I, 1546. Printed color halftone reproduction 19th century

Erasmus
Portrait of the Dutch philosopher, Erasmus. Digitally colored engraving

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Statue of French writer Michel de Montaigne, Paris. Digital photograph

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Performance of a Mystery Play at Coventry, England, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut

Globe Theatre in London
Globe Theatre at Southwark, London, where many of Shakespeares plays were performed. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier drawing

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Walter Raleigh and his expedition at Trinidad, off South America, 1595. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Bartolome de Las Casas protecting the Aztecs from Spanish conquerors. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Montezuma II on his throne. Hand-colored woodcut based on a written account by Ramirez

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Map of Hispaniola in 1534, from cartography of Peter Martyr and Oviedo. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of a 16th-century map

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House of Hernando Cortes in Mexico City, built by native labor in the 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Cortes marches out of Aztec Tenochtitlan to battle the army of Narvaez, 1519. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

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Anasazi/Ancestral Puebloan cliff-dwelling ruins in the Frijoles Canyon, Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico. Digital photograph

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Anasazi/Ancestral Puebloan cliff-dwelling ruins in the Frijoles Canyon, Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico. Digital photograph

Erasmus Colloquies
Colloquies of Erasmus, hand-bound edition published in Basel, 1537. Hand-colored engraving

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William Shakespeare, with his autograph. Hand-colored halftone reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

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William Shakespeare. Hand-colored engraving

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Aztec merchants on a canal in Tenochtitlan before the Spanish conquest. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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An Inca man in the time of Pizarros conquest of Peru, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Sandals of Inca soldiers in Peru. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Inca hanging bridge over a gorge in the Andes Mountains. Hand-colored halftone reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

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Inca teacher giving lessons in counting using the quipu. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Dona Marina, La Malinche, native interpreter for Hernando Cortes in the Spanish conquest of Aztec Mexico. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Hernando Cortes loses two horses in battle with Tlaxcalan natives in conquering Mexico, 1519. Printed color lithograph of a 19th century illustration

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Bananas and other fruit trees of Hispaniola, from a sketch published in 1572. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century reproduction of an illustration from Benzoni 1572

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Father Juan de Padilla finds the cross set by Coronado, 1540s. Hand-colored halftone of a 19th-century illustration

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Vasco Nunez de Balboa discovering the Pacific Ocean, 1513. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

South America mapped after Magellans voyage, 1519
New World map after Magellans passage around Cape Horn in 1519. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

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Balboa raising his sword to claim the Pacific Ocean for Spain, 1513. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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De Sotos expedition met by Chief Aquixos Native Americans in canoes on the Mississippi River, 1542. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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De Soto discovering the Mississippi River after an overland journey, 1540. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration

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Juan Ponce de Leons expedition searching for the Fountain of Youth in Florida, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Lisbon, Portugal, in the 1500s. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of a 16th-century illustration

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Willem Barents expedition in Arctic ice at Nova Zembla searching for a northeast passage, 1500s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Francisco Pizarro draws a line in the sand in Panama daring his men to follow him to Peru, 1530. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

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Religious procession in Moscow during the reign of Ivan IV (the Terrible), 1500s. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

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Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto, with his signature. Hand-colored 19th-century engraving

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Hernando Cortes, conqueror of Mexico. Hand-colored woodcut reproduction of a painting

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Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de Leon. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

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Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

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The 1500s were a time of exploration, innovation, and cultural transformation. In the realm of art and science, geniuses like Leonardo da Vinci left their mark with groundbreaking works such as "Skull anatomy, " revealing the intricacies of human anatomy. Meanwhile, cartographers like Gerardus Mercator (GGBR2A-00076) created maps that expanded our understanding of the world. Orteliuss map of the Ottoman Empire in 1570 showcased the vast territories under its rule, while Durer's world map from 1515 provided a glimpse into how people perceived Earth at that time. These maps painted a picture of an ever-expanding global landscape. In Florence during this era, architects and urban planners crafted detailed plans for cities like never before seen. The 16th Century Plan of Florence exemplified this meticulous approach to city design. Oronce Fine's world map from 1531 furthered geographical knowledge by incorporating new discoveries made during expeditions around the globe. It was through these maps that Europeans began to comprehend just how vast our planet truly is. The use of firearms also revolutionized warfare during this period. Arquebusses became prevalent on battlefields across Europe in the 16th century, changing military tactics forever. Religion played a significant role in shaping society during this time as well. Figures like John Calvin emerged as influential theologians whose ideas would have lasting impacts on Protestantism and beyond. Maps continued to evolve throughout the century; one notable example being Map of Palestine in 1588 which depicted important biblical sites within its borders. Similarly, a detailed map showcasing British Isles shed light on England's growing influence over neighboring lands. By the turn of the century, Europe had undergone immense changes politically and culturally - reflected by Map of Europe from 1600 which captured shifting borders and emerging nation-states.